Biochemistry 3381A Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Bone Morphogenetic Protein, Follistatin, Chordin

• School: Western University
• Department: Biochemistry
• Course: Biochemistry 3381A
• Professor: Brian Shilton

Document Summary

The induction of neural ectoderm: holtfreter (1933) demonstrated that the ectoderm is not able to form neural tissue without the notochord (in this case all ectoderm becomes epidermis) Bmp7: the organizer secretes factors that blocks the action of bmps (noggin, chordin, follistatin) Knockout of chordin, noggin and follistatin: no neural tube. Knockout of some bmps: enlarged neural tube. Knockout of all bmps: entire ectoderm is neural. Inhibition of bmp and wnt: head and brain are formed. Inhibition of bmp only: trunk and spinal cord are formed: no inhibition: no nervous structures, only epidermis. Insulin-like growth factors (igf) also are involved in the induction of anterior neural tube structures. Expression of igf3: accumulation in the anterior neural tube. Ectopic injection of igf mrna induces a second head. Inhibition of igf: anterior structures are missing (left: control) 1: dorsal bmp inhibitors block the formation of epidermis and ventrolateral mesoderm and endoderm. 2: anterior wnt inhibitors allow the formation of head structures.