Biology 2581B Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Quantitative Trait Locus, Mendelian Inheritance, Heredity
1 Jun 2020
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Mendel began breeding garden peas in the abbey garden to study inheritance. Mendel choose to work with peas is that there are many varieties. A heritable feature that varies among individuals is called a character. Each variant of a character is called a trait. He made sure that he started with varieties that were true-breeding, over many generations this plant had produced only the same as the parent plant. An organism that has a pair of identical alleles for a gene encoding a character is called a homozygote (homozygous). An organism with two different alleles for a gene is called heterozygote (heterozygous). Because of the different effects of dominant and recessive alleles we distinguish between an organism"s phenotype and its genotype. Breeding an organism of unknown genotype with a recessive homozygote is called a testcross. When we cross between two heterozygotes for one particular character we refer to a monohybrid cross. Heterozygous individuals for two characters are called dihybrids.
