Biology 1001A Study Guide - Final Guide: Genetic Recombination, Transposase, Reverse Transcriptase
9 Dec 2016
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Difference between dna damage and mutation: mutation: change in double stranded dna sequence, da(cid:373)age: (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ges that a(cid:396)e(cid:374)"t i(cid:374) dou(cid:271)le st(cid:396)a(cid:374)ds. Origin of various types of genomic variation: humans are 0. 14% different from reference genome, a lot of variants from snps, 2500 structural variations (mobile elements, cnvs, inversions, etc. , bacterial transposable elements (tes) Insertion sequences (iss: small and contain only genes for transposition. Transposase: enzyme that catalyzes some of the recombination reactions for inserting/removing tes from dna: short inverted repeat sequences at the ends. Allows transposase to identify ends of the te. Insertion sequences at each end that enclose a central region with one or more genes. Genes inside code for antibiotic resistance: eukaryotic tes. Retrotransposons: transpose by copy and paste: dna is transcribed to rna copy, reverse transcriptase uses rna as template to make dna copy, dna is inserted to new location. Tes inserted into reproductive cells may be inherited. Insertion: new strand adds an extra base: causes frame shifts.
