Law 5110 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Petrochemical Industry, Tacit Collusion, Sherman Antitrust Act
Document Summary
Undertakings broad, functional definition in case law. Case c-41/90 hofner [1991] the concept of an undertaking encompasses every entity engaged in an economic activity, regardless of the legal status of the entity and the way in which it is financed. Case c-180/98 pavlov any activity consisting in offering goods or services on a given market is an economic activity. Includes: undertakings related by succession = subsidiaries and parents regarded as a single undertaking under the single entity doctrine. Pvc decision [1989] oj l 74/1 functional and economic continuity between the original infringer and the undertaking into which it was merged. Includes informal agreements, oral agreements, a gentleman"s agreement, vertical and horizontal agreements, agreements concluded outside the eu. = case 41, 44, 45/69 acf chemiefarma nv v commission [1970] : formal agreement to fix prices + divide market in quinine outside ms but gentlemen"s agreement to extend this to sales within the sm as well.
