BIO 1802- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 114 pages long!)
Document Summary
Plants: angiosperms (cid:862)vessel seeds(cid:863) flowering plants ovary flowers attract pollinators with petals and fruit helps disperse seeds seed develops from the ovule. Examples of gymnosperms: phylum cycadophyte: cycads. Innovations: seed and pollen: dispersal units, wood: growing tall, trees (xylem tissue, aka, vascular tissue) Lignin: chemical on the cells walls (secondary cell walls: tracheid: type of cell (xylem, double fertilization, flower, attraction of pollinators fruit (cid:862) ago pal(cid:373)(cid:863) not actually a palm. Male cones, female leafy things plants have neurotoxins in them. Still have flagella on sperm (lots: phylum ginkgophyta: ginkgo biloba; (cid:862)(cid:373)aide(cid:374) hair tree(cid:863) Almost went extinct-found in monastery in china (cid:862)livi(cid:374)g fossil(cid:863: went through a bottleneck, nothing attacks it anymore males often plants because females smell awful, monotypic. Male cones and female fleshy (the integument) seeds, smelly dioceous. Used to be almost everywhere (millions of years ago: phylem pinophyta: pines, spruces, firs. Really well adapted to cold, dry, environments. Hemlocks currently being attacked by invasive pest.