GCU 114 : Double Essay.doc
Document Summary
Umayyad- 1st caliphate expanded through the middle east, north african, and parts of southern europe. Expanded because of sub military base arab warriors after conversion of conquered populations the new converts of islam were not treated equally revolts by shiite and other groups after success of one of said revolts the abbasid caliphate. Abbasid caliphate- early part of caliphate golden age - advancements/creation of. Math, astronomy, and the arts due to the encounters with new areas through expansion with scholars. Mongols ended caliphate system in 1258 with the siege of baghdad . Mongol rule- the mongols adopted islam il-khan state established tension between rulers and citizens. Less need for cavalrymen erasing of cavalrymen rise of janissary influence over the state. Sultan tried to reform empire including european style military=elimination of janissaries started killing people (for funsies ;)). Ottoman"s used bosnia for help against the janissaries threat of russian intervention prevented taking serbia back)
