HIST 150 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Kingdom Of England, City, Christianity
HIST 150
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
1. The Neolithic Revolution (10,000- 3,000 BC)
a. Earliest Human Societies (Leads the world to modern civilization)
i. Small groups of 20-30 people
ii. Hunters and gatherers (Both are very important)
iii. Egalitarian (Everyone is basically on the same playing level)
iv. They move with the season and are not permanent
v. They are very sophisticated (Language, religion, art, etc.)
b. New Ways of Living
.Domesticating of plants and animals (farming)
i.Larger groups of people joining together
ii.More permanent living arrangements
iii.More specialized skills like hunting and tool making
iv.More gender role separation
v.More of a rich/poor division shows
c. Catal Hukuk (7400-6000 BC)
.Modern day turkey
i.There is evidence of art
ii.There is evidence of farmers here
iii.Many buildings and permanent homes.
iv.Buried the dead underneath the homes after their bodies decomposed down to the bones
1. Possibly for religious reasons
v.It may have been fortified
d. The Emergence of Civilizations (3000 BC)
.Agriculture
i.Specialization
ii.Stratification
iii.Complex government
iv.Cities
v.Writing
1. Pictograms
2. Cuneiform (Mesopotamia)
3. Hieroglyphs (Egypt)
4. Cursive
5. Canaan (Invent the first Alphabet of 22 symbols with no vowels)
6. Greece (Creates alphabet with vowels)
e. Mesopotamia
.Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
1. Made the soil fertile
2. Both are very rapid and unpredictable
i.Cities (2900 BC)
1. Sumer
2. Uruk
3. Ur
4. Eridu
5. Nippur
ii.Each city was surrounded by a wall and they were self governed.
1. Hundreds of towers
2. Walls used to show boundaries and to be protected
3. Economic benefits (taxes)
4. Usually had a king that was also a priest that governed each city
5. Very similar to modern cities just without the technology
find more resources at oneclass.com
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6. Problems with man made pollution
iii.Society
1. Patriarchal (The elite)
2. Bureaucrat (The governors)
3. Farmers are the majority
4. Evidence of slavery
5. Women could own land
6. Men primarily ran the public operations
7. Women could go into court
8. Women could run businesses
9. The size of buildings represented power (Ziggurat)
10. Polytheistic
a. Up to 50 main gods
b. Belief that they created the world
i.The gods did not want to work anymore so they created humans
c. Humans had to make the gods happy to avoid chaos
d. Afterlife
.No judgement at death
i.Everyone was in the same place
ii.No reincarnation
iii.Similar to life on Earth but a little more dark and dull
iv.Ruled by demons
v.Everyone ate and drank dust
e. Anu (Father of the Gods)
f. Enlil (Storm God)
g. Ea (Wisdom) (Gave civilization)
h. Ishtar (Love and fertility & goddess of war)
iv.Epic of Gilgamesh
1. Insight to the people of Mesopotamia
. Religion
a. Views of their world
2. Possibly older than 2100 BC
3. Scholars did not know about this until the 19th century
4. Nineveh is where they found a library
. Caught on fire so the clay baked
5. Gilgamesh is the hero
. He is the king of Uruk
a. He is a perfect man
b. He loved war
c. He was a man whore of the city
6. The gods created a rival to challenge Gilgamesh
. His name is Enkidu
a. Spent lots of time in the woods
b. Has no clothes
c. All he knows are the animals
d. They fight
e. Then they combine forces and become friends
f. They go off on adventures
7. Ishtar
. Sent a prostitute to civilize Enkidu
a. His animal friends disown Enkidu
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Fall 2018: the neolithic revolution (10,000- 3,000 bc, earliest human societies (leads the world to modern civilization) Small groups of 20-30 people: hunters and gatherers (both are very important) Egalitarian (everyone is basically on the same playing level) They move with the season and are not permanent. They are very sophisticated (language, religion, art, etc. : new ways of living. domesticating of plants and animals (farming) i. larger groups of people joining together ii. more permanent living arrangements iii. more specialized skills like hunting and tool making iv. more gender role separation v. more of a rich/poor division shows. modern day turkey i. there is evidence of art ii. there is evidence of farmers here iii. many buildings and permanent homes. iv. buried the dead underneath the homes after their bodies decomposed down to the bones v. it may have been fortified. The emergence of civilizations (3000 bc: possibly for religious reasons.
