ANTHRO 3AC Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Slavery, Christianity, United States Constitution
12 Oct 2018
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ANTHRO 3AC
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
E Pluribus Unum (From many, one)
Virgil’s poem and color
1. 2 kinds of meaning:
a. A political experiment in federalism
b. A social experiment in a new kind of multi ethnic, plural cultural, multiracial, and multi
colored nation
Relationship between political and social experiments
2. Problem of forging a new people for the new nation
Hector St. John de Crevecoeur (late 18th century)
A fundamental New World problem: how to create unity out of a diversity and preserve diversity
in unity
- As a solution to the endemic problem of difference among peoples
- Considerable success
- Considerable failure
- Achilles’ heel
Founders of the US leave out race and color, gender differences. No mention of color on bill,
and American men tend to leave out differences with women
Historically 3 main solutions to the problem of difference:
1. The annihilation of difference = the identification of difference with inferiority and/or
incompatibility
a. ex: Holocaust, sterilization of Native Americans, genocide, ethnic cleansing,
slavery
2. The acceptance of difference with institutionalized inequality
a. ex:segregation, redline, concentration camps
3. The acceptance of difference with institutionalized equality
a. ex: communism, 14th amendment, democracy
Anthropology combatted the need for colonial administration, growing world curiosity, and
emerging world racism that emerged in the colonial experience in late nineteenth century
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
A. Socio Cultural Anthropology
a. The discipline of anthropology > the late 19th century
b. An anthropological sense > earlier with the European colonial conquests.
c. Anthropologists study the conditions and consequences of human diversity, socio
cultural anthropology studies diversity problems as those of differences
d. People invent differences among those who are primarily the same for
domination (socio and economic motives)
i. Inherit: differences tend to be collaborative, inherited in society; the notion
of invented differences are not absolute
ii. Concrete human intention tends to be lacking in difference
creation/enforcement
e. At the foundation of the USA, there were two experiments
i. Political experiment: federalism
ii. Sociocultural experiment:creating a multi-ethnic/pluricultural society
iii. The relationship between the two experiments was the best possible way
for the US to develop a stable society with its multi-ethnic peoples
f. A fundamental New World problem: how to create unity out of a diversity and
preserve diversity in unity.
i. Successes, failures, and hypocrisies
ii. Ideological warfare created much success for few and failures for many
iii. The consequence of this change was the discrimination against the native
peoples and the negative treatment that tends to come with the imparted
mindset
g. Historically, main solutions to the problem of difference: (see lec 1 notes)
i. The annihilation of difference - reduction of difference to inferiority
1. E.g. pregnancy disability act, treats women like men and
pregnancy is seen as a disability in terms of giving out parental
leave
ii. The acceptance of difference with institutionalized inequality -
misrecognition of sameness which therefore denies real difference
1. Forced hierarchy - legally part of every institution
iii. The acception of difference with institutionalized equality
1. Democracy
2. Isonomia - the equal right of all citizens (male) in Athens, however
women, and slaves were not considered citizens
iv. The eroticization of difference
h. Internal and external others
i. Internal other: Catholics in a protestant country, poor to rich, women to
men
ii. External other: outsider to society: Arabs, gypsies
iii. Significance of 1492 (Columbus and the founding of the US)
1. It entailed the expulsion of old heterogeneities, the internal others
like the Jews, witches, in a Christianizing iberior
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Virgil"s poem and color: 2 kinds of meaning, a political experiment in federalism, a social experiment in a new kind of multi ethnic, plural cultural, multiracial, and multi colored nation. Relationship between political and social experiments: problem of forging a new people for the new nation. A fundamental new world problem: how to create unity out of a diversity and preserve diversity in unity. Hector st. john de crevecoeur (late 18th century) As a solution to the endemic problem of difference among peoples. Founders of the us leave out race and color, gender differences. No mention of color on bill, and american men tend to leave out differences with women. Inherit: differences tend to be collaborative, inherited in society; the notion of invented differences are not absolute: concrete human intention tends to be lacking in difference creation/enforcement, at the foundation of the usa, there were two experiments. Ideological warfare created much success for few and failures for many.
