PB HLTH 162A Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Attenuated Vaccine, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Smallpox Vaccine

• School: Berkeley
• Department: Public Health
• Course: PB HLTH 162A
• Professor: Buehring Gertrude

Document Summary

Varro & fracastoro: infectious diseases might be caused by organisms too small to see. Leeuwenhoek 1670-1720: made small microscopes, first to visualize bacteria, protozoan, fungi, algae. John snow: birth of epidemiology, mapped cases of cholera, transmitted primarily by contaminated water. Era of establishing etiology of bacterial disease 1850-1900 / Era of establishing etiology of viral disease 1901-1965. Development of first toxoid, killed whole organisms, and live attenuated vaccines. Era of rational use of antimicrobials begins 1910. Rational use based on known mechanism of action. 1982: helicobactor pylori, stomach ulcers and cancer. 1970+: human cancers known to be caused by a microorganism (virus) One of the world"s most pressing public health problems. 0. 3um 5um; eye goes up to 100um only. Endotoxin (lps, lipid, part of cell wall) vs. exotoxin (released from cell, vacuoles, etc) Gram + = both endo and exo. Diversify; under poor conditions, binary fission-like, spores produced. Yeast and mold, can alternate b/w the two.