PSYC 111 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Subjective Constancy, Lisa Lopes, Hair Cell
18 Jun 2018
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Psychology 111 Exam 2 Study Guide
1. Alicia is talking on her cell phone to her friend Maya. If Maya is in a crowded subway terminal,
Alicia finds that she has to nearly shout for Maya to be able to hear her. However, when Maya is
in a meadow on her grandparent’s farm she can easily tell what Alicia is watching on TV as they
talk. This is one illustration of:
Answer: Signal-to-Noise ratio
2. When Bill look at the lamp alternately with his left eye and right eye, the image seems to jump
from one position to another. This phenomenon illustrates:
Answer: Binocular Display
3. Pekka, who is learning English said Kissed John the girl,” violating the English rules of:
Answer: Syntax
4. After learning about the different kinds of memory, Jerome sat down and thought long and hard
about how this would apply to his favorite activity, golf. Jerome concludes that remembering
the rules of golf would be considered ______ memory, knowing how to swing a golf club would
be considered ________ memory, and remembering the first time his father took him golfing
would be __________ memory.
Answer: Semantic, Procedural, Episodic
5. Glen and Megan are hired to rake leaves. Glen is paid $1.00 for each bag of leaves he rakes;
Megan is paid $4 per hour. Glen is paid according to a _____ schedule; Megan is paid according
to a _____ schedule.
Answer: Fixed ratio; fixed interval
6. Which of the following best illustrates the concept of perceptual constancy?
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Answer: As a shadow passes over your newspaper, you know that the page is not getting darker.
7. Shay is a fourth grade teacher. She gets very upset when her students talk while she is trying to
teach. She decides to tell her students that every time they talk while she is talking she is going
to take away their recess for the day. Shay is using _____.
Answer: Negative Punishment
8. Eric recently moved to an apartment near a train station. He hears trains go by frequently. At
first he became startled whenever a train went by, but after a while he barely noticed it. This is
an example of _____.
Answer: Habituation
9. Alex meets a cute girl at a concert, and after chatting with her all night they exchange numbers.
But, Alex got a new phone number and can’t remember his new number because his old phone
number keeps popping into his head. This is ________.
Answer: Proactive Interference
10. Marshall is trying to memorize the code he needs to access the results of his bar exam:
DRHEASOK. He links each letter to a word, and puts them in the sentence: Dogs Running Home
While Eating Apples and Singing Off Key. This memory technique is ______.
Answer: Mnemonics
11. Ralph is watching TV when his Mom tells him to clean his room. The sound of Ralph’s Mom’s
voice stays in his memory buffer so he can comprehend it 5 seconds later (when his TV show
goes to commercial). The memory buffer Ralph used is also called ______.
Answer: Echoic Memory
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12. Jing was afraid of Moths. In order to treat her fear, her therapist trained her to think happy
thoughts in order to relax whenever she is around moths. This therapy was successful and now
whenever Jing sees a moth, she feels very relaxed. In this therapy, the CS is _______, USC is
_____, CR is _____.
Answer: moths, happy thoughts, relaxation
13. Your psych 100 instructor gives any students who answers a question in class a piece of candy.
You notice that as the semester goes on, students start answering questions more often. Your
instructor is using ____ conditioning by giving students ____ reinforces.
Answer: operant; positive
14. Klaus is enjoying a violin concert. He knows that his perception of the lovely music is a result of
the process of sound waves being _____ by ______.
Answer: Transduced; hair cells
15. Sarah is trying to solve a math problem which asks how long it takes to get from NY to LA. She
searches for other problems that discuss NY to use as an example of how to solve this problem.
What is interfering with her ability to solve this problem?
Answer: surface similarities
16. The hippocampus is thought to play an important role in
Answer: the encoding and formation of new memories
17. Jane’s heart always beats fast when she sees her boyfriend Jake. When Jake visits Jane’s dorm
room he always knocks three times before entering the room, so Jane’s heart beats fast when
she hears the three knocks. Now whenever she hears three knocks her heart jumps with
excitement. The knock is an ______ for Jane.
Answer: Conditioned Stimulus
18. You are fishing with your best friend. In five minutes, you catch your first fish. But after that, it
takes you thirty minutes to catch the next one. What schedule of reinforcement is operating
here?
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