CAS BI 108 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Energy Harvesting, Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase, Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate

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8 Aug 2016

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What is the general chemical formula of a tri-saccharide made up of three glucose molecules: c18h32o16. What is the cell cycle: the life of single cells from the completion of one division to the next. Figure 11. 2 cell division via fission: cell growth and dna (chromosome) replication chromosome separation cytokinesis = exact copies. What do cells do within the cell cycle: grow (rna and protein synthesis), function, and replication their chromosomes (chromatin) What is the purpose of the cell cycle: growth; function; and commit to cell division. The cell cycle: all the events that occur to produce two eukaryotic cells from one (distributed in time) Figure 11. 6: cyclin d is important, which helps to advance the cell cycle by. Mitosis: blue is chromosomes, and green is the microtubules apart of the cytoskeleton they are in metaphase because they are aligned in a perpendicular phase. Figure 11. 8: light areas are euchromatin and dark areas are heterochromatin.

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Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

amethystyak657

A. Since it takes 40 min. to replicate the E. coli chromosome,how can the cell have a cell cycle of 35 minutes?

B.What would happen to a bacterial chromosome during celldivision if it were not connected to the membrane?

C. How do eukaryotes divide their pairs of chromosomes into twoseparate cells?

D. How could you isolate a loss of function mutation is anessential gene when mutating the gene can kill the cell?

E. How is it possible that a single gene like ftsZ can havemutations that have different phenotypes?

F. What would minC mutant bacterial look like?

G.Why is recombination after replication only a problem fro abacterium that has a circular chromosome and not a linearchromosome?

H.Why do bacterial have to attach their chromosomes to themembrane for effective separation, whereas eukarotes do not?

I.Why is the classical signal transduction pathway so complex,why not simply have the growth factor receptor activate thetranscription factor?

J.What is the phenotype of a cell that is heterozygous for a RASoncogenic mutation?

K. How does p53 communicate with Rb?

L. What is the phenotype of a cell that is heterozygous for aloss of function p53 mutant?

M. Rb is only acted upon by Cyclin/CDK, how can it integrate DNAdamage signal from p53?

violetmuskrat94

A. Since it takes 40 min. to replicate the E. coli chromosome,how can the cell have a cell cycle of 35 minutes?

B.What would happen to a bacterial chromosome during celldivision if it were not connected to the membrane?

C. How do eukaryotes divide their pairs of chromosomes into twoseparate cells?

D. How could you isolate a loss of function mutation is anessential gene when mutating the gene can kill the cell?

E. How is it possible that a single gene like ftsZ can havemutations that have different phenotypes?

F. What would minC mutant bacterial look like?

G.Why is recombination after replication only a problem fro abacterium that has a circular chromosome and not a linearchromosome?

H.Why do bacterial have to attach their chromosomes to themembrane for effective separation, whereas eukarotes do not?

I.Why is the classical signal transduction pathway so complex,why not simply have the growth factor receptor activate thetranscription factor?

J.What is the phenotype of a cell that is heterozygous for a RASoncogenic mutation?

K. How does p53 communicate with Rb?

L. What is the phenotype of a cell that is heterozygous for aloss of function p53 mutant?

M. Rb is only acted upon by Cyclin/CDK, how can it integrate DNAdamage signal from p53?

magentaswan670

CAS BI 108 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Energy Harvesting, Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase, Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate

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