CAS EC 102 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Potential Output, Consumption Function, Big Mac Index

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CAS EC 102 Full Course Notes

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Exchange rates (review: y = c + i + g + nx. Nominal exchange rate: price of one currency in terms of another country. Number of units of foreign currency per unit of domestic currency. Real exchange rate: the price of goods in one country in terms of the price of goods in some other country. How many mexican cars would equal one american car. = (p dom x e) / p for: example: Price of switzerland watch sf300: nominal exchange rate = sf1. 5 = . So watch in us costs is sf150: real exchange rate. 1 swiss watch is worth or will buy 2 american watches. So swiss watch = 1 american watch. Where e = nominal exchange rate, e will change if e changes. E goes from sf1. 5 = to sf3 = . Purchasing power parity (ppp: e should be such that e = 1. E = (p dom x e) / p for.

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1.Purchasing power parity implies that

a. the real exchange rate is equal to 1.

b. the law of one price does not hold.

c. inflation rates are equal across countries.

d. the real exchange rate is equal to 0.

e. if the domestic country has low prices, then the domestic currency will depreciate until foreign citizens can buy the same amount of goods as domestic citizens.

2.Which of the following is a prediction from the PPP model of exchange rates?

A. An increase in the US money supply leads to an appreciation of the dollar in the long run.

B. An increase in US production leads to a depreciation of the dollar.

C. An increase in US production will lead to a proportional increase in the inflation rate.

D, An increase in the US money supply leads to a depreciation of the dollar in the long run.

E.An increase in the US interest rates leads to a fall in prices.

3.Relative purchasing power parity predicts that

A.the difference between the inflation rates in the two countries should equal the ratio of the interest rates in the two countries.

B. the difference between the inflation rates in two countries should equal the per cent change in the exchange rate.

C.inflation rates should be equal across countries.

D.the real exchange rate should equal one.

E.relative price levels in the two countries should be equal when expressed in the same currency.

4.Which of the following is NOT a valid explanation for the failure of purchasing power parity?

a. Differences in monetary policies across countries

b. Lack of competition

c. Transportation costs

d. Trade barriers

5.If P represents (the level of) domestic prices, P* represents (the level of) foreign prices and E represents the exchange rate as units of domestic currency per units of foreign currency, then the real exchange rate equals

a. EP/P*	b. P*/EP
C. E/PP*	d. EP*/P
e. P/P*

6.The difference between nominal and real interest rates is that

A.Nominal interest rates are measured in terms of a country's output, while real interest rates are measured in monetary terms

B.Nominal interest rates are measured in monetary terms, while real interest rates are measured in terms of a country's output

C.Nominal interest rates can fluctuate, while real interest rates always remain fixed

D.Real interest rates can fluctuate, while nominal interest rates always remain fixed

E.Real interest rates are the same in every country, while nominal interest rates are different for every country

7.Which of the following is predicted to cause the value (or price or cost) of U.S. goods to appreciate relative to the value (or price or cost) of foreign goods in the long run?

a. An increase in the growth rate of U.S. GNP. b. A decrease in the growth rate of U.S. GNP.

c. A decline in the growth rate of the U.S. money supply.

d. An increase in the price of petroleum that reduces world demand for American cars. e. An appreciation of the dollar.

jadewallaby469

In recent years, the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) countries have received much attention due to their growing importance in the world economy. Now that you are equipped with knowledge about macroeconomic data, you can take a first-hand look at how quickly these countries have been growing, how much inflation they have, and how developed they are when compared to the USA.

	Brazil	Russia	India	China	USA
Nominal GDP in 2013 (local currency, Million)	4,844,815	66,755,300	113,550,735	56,884,521	16,768,100
Nominal GDP in 2000 (local currency, Million)	1,179,482	7,305,600	21,774,127	9,921,455	10,284,800
Price Level in 2013 (index 2010=100)	124.12	121.63	132	111.1	106.8
Price Level in 2000 (index 2010=100)	51.4	30.75	54.2	81	79
Population in 2013 (in Million)	200.4	143.5	1,252	1,357	316.1
Population in 2000 (in Million)	174.5	146.6	1,042	1,263	282.2
Dollar/Local Currency Exchange rate 2013	1/2.4	1/32.6	1/62.18	1/6.07	1
PPP Conversion Factor 2013	1/1.9	1/19.47	1/18.24	1/3.36	1

The PPP conversion factor is the price in US dollars of a basket of goods (chosen by the World Bank) in the USA divided by the price in local currency of a comparable basket in that country.

For each of the BRIC countries and the US, over the period 2000-2013, answer the following:

1.What was the average annual inflation rate?

2.What was the average annual growth rate of population?

3.What was the average annual growth rate of real GDP?

4.What was the average annual growth rate of real GDP per capita?

5.For each of the BRIC countries, in the year 2013, how did real income per capita compare to that in the US? (To make this comparison, report real GDP per capita for each country as a percentage of the US.) Report two answers, one based on market exchange rates and one adjusted for differences in purchasing power.

1. In which market will a company arrange to receive currency for a transaction at a future date?

Select one:

a. the forward market

b. the currency futures market

c. the arbitrage market

d. the forward spot market

2. The U.S. dollar is overvalued and the peso is undervalued in the foreign exchange market

Select one:

a. if a visitor to Mexico from the United States can buy more goods in the United States
than he can buy in Mexico when he converts dollars to pesos.

b. if a visitor to Mexico from the United States can buy the same amount of goods in
Mexico as he can buy in the United States when he converts dollars to pesos.

c. if a visitor to Mexico from the United States can buy more goods in Mexico than he can
buy in the United States when he converts pesos to dollars.

d. if a visitor to Mexico from the United States can buy more goods in Mexico than he can
buy in the United States when he converts dollars to pesos.

3. Given the following data (t is current time; t+1 is time after one period)

E_t = Â¥ 110 = $1

E_t+1 = Â¥ 95 = $1

Current Interest rate in the US = i_US= 8%

If the interest parity condition is expected to hold, interest rates in Japan (i_Japan) should equal approximately:

Select one:

a. 3.38%

b. 8%

c. -5.64%

d. None of the above.

4. Suppose the Japanese interest rate is I% while the interest rate in Britain is 3%. Interest rate parity predicts that relative to the Japanese Yen,

Select one:

a. the British pound will depreciate by 4%.

b. the British pound will appreciate by 2%.

c. the British pound will depreciate by 2%.

d. the British pound will appreciate by 4%.

5. Suppose the U.S. grows more slowly than Canada. The best medium term prediction is that the

Select one:

a. U.S. interest rates will rise.

b. U.S. dollar will appreciate against the Canadian dollar.

c. U.S. dollar will depreciate against the Canadian dollar.

6. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) implies that

Select one:

a. In the long run, a forward exchange rate can purchase an interest rate swap for the same
price as the spot rate.

b. In the medium run, a forward exchange rate can purchase an interest rate swap for the
same price as the spot rate.

c. The short run, a given amount of money can buy the same amount of goods, whether
they are purchased at home or abroad.

d. the long run, a given amount of money can buy the same amount of goods, whether
they are purchased at home or abroad.

7. The current account balance will fall if

Select one:

a. the real exchange rate depreciates and disposable income goes up

b. the real exchange rate appreciates or disposable income goes up

c. the real exchange rate depreciates or disposable income goes down

d. the real exchange rate appreciates and disposable income goes down

8. A person who paid $10 for an umbrella in the U.S. sees the exact same umbrella in a store in London, England for 6 British pounds. If the person could expect the real exchange rate to be 1 U.S. umbrella per 1 English umbrella, then the person could infer that the nominal exchange rate is

Select one:

a. 0.6 U.S. dollars per 1 English pound.

b. 1.67 U.S. dollars per 1 English pound.

c. 0.6 English pounds per I U.S. dollar.

d. 1.67 English pounds per 1 U.S. dollar.

9. A U.S. wine merchant travelling in France has found a French wine of the same quality as a U.S. wine they regularly sell. She assumes that the real exchange rate should be 1 case of U.S. wine equals one case of French wine. The French wine merchant will sell her a case of the French wine for 350 euros. She knows that a case of the equivalent U.S. wine sells for $400. The euro is selling in France for $1.20. Assuming transportation costs are zero, the U.S. wine merchant should

Select one:

a. buy the French wine and sell it in the U.S. and make a profit.

b. buy the U.S. wine and sell it in France and make a profit.

c. It doesn't matter either way; there is no profit in the deal.

d. None of the above.

10. In a fixed exchange rate system, how do countries address the problem of currency market pressures that threaten to lower or raise the value of their currency?

Select one:

a. If demand falls, then countries must increase demand by buying up the excess supply
with domestic currency.

b. If demand rises, countries must fill the excess demand for foreign currency by selling
their reserves.

c. If demand rises, then countries can adjust the value of the exchange rate to the desired
level.

d. A and B only.

CAS EC 102 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Potential Output, Consumption Function, Big Mac Index

CAS EC 102 Full Course Notes

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