BIOL-4610 Study Guide - Final Guide: P21, Nematode, Rheb

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29 Jan 2018

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Cell division: cell growth and cell division go hand in hand, cell must pass through the cell cycle to undergo cell division. Interphase: g1 phase: variable depending on cell type, when cell decides if it wil divide again or go into g0, preparation for s phase; centrioles begin duplication. G0: quiescent state; cell is not actively dividing. Terminal differentiation: cells that exit the cell cycle, destined never to divide again (ex. Prophase: chromatin condenses (sister chromatids), centrosome divides into two, mt network breaks down and reorganizes around spindle poles, nuclear envelope retracts into er, golgi breaks down, can see individual chromosomes via microscope make contact with centrosomes at centromere. Prometaphase: fragementing of membrane of nuclear envelope, allows spindle mts to. Metaphase: kinetochore assembly, kinetochores associate with mitotic spindle. Telophase: mitotic spindle dissasembles, chromosomes decondense, nuclear membrane microtubules, chromosomes align along metaphase plate reforms, cell separates: cytokinesis: division of cytoplasm.

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Lab 11 Mitosis

Interphase - Chromosomes are not visible because they areuncoiled

Prophase- The chromosomes coil. The nuclear membranedisintegrates. Spindle fibers (microtubles) form. The drawing showsa cell with 8 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 2 chromatids for atotal of 16 chromatids.

Prometaphase

Metaphase - The chromosomes become aligned. The drawing shows acell with 8 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 2 chromatids for atotal of 16 chromatids.

Anaphase- The chromatids separate; the number of chromosomesdoubles. The drawing shows a cell with 16 chromosomes. Eachchromosome has 1 chromatid for a total of 16chromatids

Telophase- The cell divides into two. The chromosomes uncoil.The nucleus reforms. The spindle apparataus disassembles. Thedrawing shows a cell with 16 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 1chromatid for a total of 16 chromatids.

Ques(ons

1. What stage were most of the onion root p cells in? Does thismake sense?

2. As a cell grows, what happens to its surface area : volumerao? (Think of a balloon being blown up). How is this changing raonrelated to cell division?

3. What is the function of mitosis in a cell that is about todivide?

4. How accurate were your met predictions for each stage of thecell cycle?

5. Discuss one observation that you found interesting whilelooking at the onion root p cells.

6. What would happen if mitosis were uncontrolled?

for escience lab 11 bio 113

burgundyspider301

Lab 11 Mitosis

Interphase - Chromosomes are not visible because they areuncoiled

Prometaphase

Metaphase - The chromosomes become aligned. The drawing shows acell with 8 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 2 chromatids for atotal of 16 chromatids.

Anaphase- The chromatids separate; the number of chromosomesdoubles. The drawing shows a cell with 16 chromosomes. Eachchromosome has 1 chromatid for a total of 16chromatids

Ques(ons

1. What stage were most of the onion root p cells in? Does thismake sense?

2. As a cell grows, what happens to its surface area : volumerao? (Think of a balloon being blown up). How is this changing raonrelated to cell division?

3. What is the function of mitosis in a cell that is about todivide?

4. How accurate were your met predictions for each stage of thecell cycle?

5. Discuss one observation that you found interesting whilelooking at the onion root p cells.

6. What would happen if mitosis were uncontrolled?

for escience lab 11 bio 113

coffeeporpoise248

Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

amethystyak657

BIOL-4610 Study Guide - Final Guide: P21, Nematode, Rheb

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