GEN-3000 Midterm: Exam 5 study guide
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Negativerepressibleoninactiverepressorinnibitstranscriptionproductmakesrepressoractf positivelnducibleoffinactiveactivatorstimulatestranscriptionsubstratemakesactivatoract positiverepressibleonactiveactivatorstimulatestranscriptionproductmakesactivatorinactf ojacobandmonod 1961 studiesexplainedhowgeneexpression is repressedwhenlactoseis absentbutinducedwhenavailable olactoseistheinducer. Inabsenceotglucosetunder inducible conditionscapexertspositivecontrolcontrolby bindingtocapsitewhichhelps rnabindattacoperon promoter transcription orepressormustbeboundbylactosedcapmustbeboundtocap bindingsite in absenceofglucose camplevelsincreasedcampcapcomplexbindstopromotor. Dominant cancerpheno onlyonealleleof aprotooncogeneneedtobemutatedor misexpressed to contributeto cancer. Tumorsuppressorgenes genesthatnormallyregulate cellcycle checkpoints or initiate apoptosis arecessiveactingmutation. Translocations mayleadtospecificcancertypes canseeclonalevolution ithavethattranslocationlookinallothercancercellstoseesametranslocation somehumancancersassociated w viruses oprovirus aproviruscanentergenomecanbreakgeneinactivatetumorsuppressorgenelandnear aprotooncogene tomakemorevirus p53genemostfrequentlymutatedgeneinhumancancers mutatedinmorethan 50 ofall cancers encodes a transcriptionfactorthatrepressesor stimulatestranscriptionofmorethan. 2ntl ofdistinctphenotypic categoriesobserved t i isthere bc therecanbecompletelyhomozygousadditivetohomozygousnonadditive whencomparingqualitativevs quantitative quantitativecharacteristicsfallinmiddlethanatextremes canbeindicatedbynormaldistribution contributeto a ownen apopistoolargeuseasample sampleshavetobetakenatrandom. Themean1nisusedtolookatmajority maregesultreomfetanftors varianceis n. aaiertgsaiaainateitnmoorigroteaamounit. netdistribution standarddeviation rmteaosureasn. sapnreadbutw. ithi standardvariables ophenotypiccorrelation causedbygeneticorenvironmentalcorrelations. Epistasisgenes workingtogethertogetaphenotypenottoaddtoit totalgeneticvariance vg vatvdtva so vpvatvd tvi tvetvge. 2amountofselection selectiondifferentialcst differencebtwmeanphenotypeofparent9original population or h2xs expectedchangeinthecharacteristicoftheoffspringabovethatoforiginal population. Chapteraaipopulation genetics ospecies groupofindividualsabletoreproduce apopulation groupofindividualsinthesamespeciesthatlivein a definedareaacanipotentially interbreed. Model that evaluatestheeffectofreproduction on genotypict allelicfrequenciesin a pop. Describes whathappenstoalleleagenotypefrequencies in an idealpopulation infinitelylarge randommatingahotsubjecttomutationmigration orselection. Reproductionalonedoesnotalterallelicorgenotypicfrequencies1allelicfrequenciesdetermine frequencies ofgenotypes todetermine it apopulation is at awe findoutif genotypicfrequenciesexpectedunderhweare thesameasthoseactuallyobserved p flat inaat naa 12n a g f x 2nao. tnaa 12n.
