KNES 191A Study Guide - Final Guide: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Heme, Accessory Muscle
Document Summary
Gas exchange between atmosphere and body"s cells in a process called respiration: moving air to and from the exchange surfaces of the lungs. Protects respiratory surfaces from temperature changes, dehydration, other environmental variations, and defending from pathogens. Facilitates the detection of olfactory stimuli: smelling things: respiration. Breathing/pulmonary ventilation: movement of air in and out of lungs. Gas transport in blood between the lungs and body cells. Gas exchange (diffusion) between blood and body cells: structure. Upper respiratory tract (outside thorax): filters, warms, and humidifies incoming air (makes air more acceptable for lower respiratory tract); also cools and dehumidifies outgoing air. Nostril hairs: prevents entry of large particles in air. Lines with mucus membrane known as respiratory mucosa. Also lined with blood vessels; heat leaves blood and warms air in order to adjust to body temperature. Incoming air is moistened as water evaporates from respiratory mucosa. Mucus membrane secretes sticky mucus to trap dust and other small particles in the air.
