PSY 321 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Intellectual Disability, Child Ballads, Mindset
10 May 2018
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Study Guide for Test 1
Woolfolk chapters 1-4, PowerPoints, notes
Test format: 3 essays choose from 5-6 (10 points)
5 shorter answer explanations choose from 10 (5 points each)
Terms: tell why it's important for education teaching and learning
Study Guide for Test 1
Woolfolk chapters 1-4, PowerPoints, notes
Chapter 1
1. How do teachers make a difference? Discuss the role of educational psychology
in establishing guidelines for effective teaching.
a. It is the teacher's job to foster a child's learning through strong, positive teacher
relationships. Leading cause of high quality learning. When a student feels appreciated by their
teacher
i. Good teachers try to learn more about their students and gain an understanding of their
community, family and culture because that all will impact how the child succeeds in the
classroom.
ii. Several studies have shown that from the start of school, teachers who show that they
care about their students will create more successful students in terms of achievement and
overall life satisfaction.
b. EDU psych is the research and gaining an understanding of how people learn best in
different settings, socio-cultures and on different subjects
i. Work to improve the field of education as a whole and provide teachers, school admin
and other policy makers empirical evidence about how children learn
2. Be able to describe common methods used in research in educational
psychology. What makes a study experimental? Why are most studies in education
correlational in nature? What kind of data is collected in quantitative and qualitative
research?
a. Experimental studies- qualitative research with strict variables and controls designed
using a very specific method to see how one variable affects the outcome of another. Identify
cause and effect
i. Subject groups can be random and already pre-existing groups such as classrooms or
larger schools
ii. Should be used to help teachers plan and implement changes. And then evaluate how
effective those changes are
b. Most studies are correlational in nature because they identify relationships and allow for
predictions
c. Clinical interviews and case studies- Qualitative studies used to understand the
experiences in natural habitat. Look at one thing in depth: how surroundings, culture effect
Chapter 2
3. The contributions of experience (nurture) and inheritance (nature) have long been
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controversial in developmental psychology. Why do we argue about the way nature and
nurture contribute to development? How do most developmental psychologists think
about this issue today? Why is this important for education?
a. Today the nature vs nurture debate is highly inaccurate. It is NATURE AND NURTURE.
4. Why is a basic understanding of neuroscience helpful for educators? Why
neuromyths so persistent?
5. Discuss the difference between experience expectant and experience dependent
brain development and give examples of each. Why is this distinction important for
development and education?
a. Experience expected: students will go through certain stages in development because
development is universal
i. Stage theorists like Piaget. At certain point a child will first develop sensory abilities in
the sensorimotor stage and then they can move to preoperational thinking. Move from one
stage to another by expanding on your previous knowledge and acting on your knowledge in a
physical/ manipulated way and a mental manipulation
b. Experience dependent: practice and repetition will lead to development that would occur
naturally.
i. Things in our environment/ our culture have the ability to shape our development in a
way that wouldn't occur otherwise. EX: if a student at a young age starts learning the piano and
practices everyday and receives support from teacher and parents then they would be more
likely to develop that school compared to a student who did not receive that training.
c. It is important for teachers to consider both sides because they need to be aware that
children must reach certain universal and developmental milestones, but also children's
development has the potential to be molded and shaped in a variety of ways. Children should
be encouraged and scaffolded to try new things and
6. Piaget's theory of cognitive development has had a big impact on education.
Discuss the importance of assimilation & adaptation and the way schemes change over
time. Describe the major accomplishments of concrete operations (conservation,
seriation, classification), and formal operations (hypothetico-deductive reasoning,
abstract thinking). How can educators promote development from a Piagetian
perspective?
a.Piaget focused on cognitive develop
B. schemes are the boxes of knowledge that a child has about a certain concept. For example a
child might have a dog scheme: a dog has for legs and is an animal
C. assimilation and accommodation is the cognitive process of exanding and change the
schemes when confronted with new experiences. For example, a child sees a cow for the first
and uses their pre-exsisting dog scheme to identify this new animal as a dog. This is the
process of assimilation. Accomadation is the following process when the scheme is changed or
expanded. When this new animal moo’s the childs thinking must be changed, so they create a
new scheme for a cow- a four legged larger animal that moo’s. Over time schemes will grow
and expand to become more complex.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Test format: 3 essays choose from 5-6 (10 points) 5 shorter answer explanations choose from 10 (5 points each) Terms: tell why it"s important for education teaching and learning. It is the teacher"s job to foster a child"s learning through strong, positive teacher. Several studies have shown that from the start of school, teachers who show that they. Edu psych is the research and gaining an understanding of how people learn best in. Work to improve the field of education as a whole and provide teachers, school admin. Good teachers try to learn more about their students and gain an understanding of their. Chapter 1 in establishing guidelines for effective teaching. relationships. Experimental studies- qualitative research with strict variables and controls designed using a very specific method to see how one variable affects the outcome of another. Identify cause and effect larger schools effective those changes are predictions experiences in natural habitat.
