BIOL 119 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Carl Woese, Pathogenic Bacteria, Chlamydiales
Document Summary
Chapter 29- bacteria and archaea: molecules in cell wall and plasma membrane, machinery used to transcribe dna (rna polymerase) and translate into mrna into proteins (ribosomes) Lineages in bacteria and archaea are ancient, diverse, abundant, ubiquitous. Terms of total volume of living material- bacteria and archaea are dominant life-forms. Extremophiles- bacteria or archaea that live in extreme habitats: may help explain origin of life, extraterrestrial life, useful in industrial processes. Only tiny number of bacterial species can cause illness. Firmicutes- wounds, nervous system, skin, respiratory tract. Hypothesized that bacteria might be responsible for causing infection disease. Germ theory of disease- foundation for modern medicine, greatest impact was on sanitation- efforts to prevent transmission of pathogenic bacteria. Virulence is a heritable trait that varies among individuals in a population. Molecules that kill bacteria or stop them from growing. Produced naturally by soil dwelling bacteria and fungi. Hypothesized to help cells reduce competition for nutrients and other resources.
