HIST 102 Study Guide - Final Guide: Laissez-Faire, New Lanark
Ideas of Enlightenment
• Scientific ideas
• Agricultural changes
• Political, social debate
• Greater and heathier population
• Government by consent of the governed
• Merit not birth
• Laissez faire
• Critique of monarchs, church officials, aristocracy
Catherine the Great of Russia
• Twenty-one known lovers
• German-born Princess
• 1767 Legislative Instruction for Reform
o Codification of the Law
o 1775 Reorganized local government
• Established 50 provinces
• Authorized first private printing presses; rapid increase in books published
• Wanted nobility as forced between Crown and peasants
Leopold II
• Grand Duke of Tuscany
• Influenced by Enlightenment
o Sympathetic to popular needs
• Ruled through people and advisors
• Decreed civil liberties for all, abolished privilege, encouraged debate
• Abolished torture and capital punishment
• Reformed prisons
• Imposed equality of taxation
• Introduced vaccination
• Deduced debt
• Abolished the guild system
Democratic Revolutions
• 1760-1815
• rebellions share in common opposition to governments
• reliance on individual and challenged to privileged authority
Outcomes
• Liberalism and Nationalsim
• Conservatism
• Romanticism
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