ANTH 1001 : Exam 2 Notes
Document Summary
Sickle cell: hemoglobin (hb) consists of 4 polypeptide strands (2a & 2b strands). Malaria: caused by a parasite (plasmodium) which is transmitted between individuals by mosquitoes. Normal hemoglobin and homozygotes sickle cell: therefore, the alleles for sickle cell and normal hemoglobin are maintained at high frequencies, this is balanced polymorphism, a = normal hb, s = sickle hb, asxas = aa, 2as, ss. Evolution of relationship between sickle cell allele and malaria: slash-and-burn agriculture is related to the natural selective advantage of the sickle cell allele. Evolution of lactose tolerance: populations with long histories of dairying are typically lactose tolerant, mutation for ability to digest milk as adults would have provided a natural selective advantage. Human adaptation: adaptation, evolutionary perspective, result of natural selection, human variation perspective. 3: any beneficial modification that relieves environmental stress and enhances survival of individuals, types of adaptation, behavior, short-term (reversible) acclimatization, developmental (irreversible) acclimatization, genetic (result of natural selection)
