BIOL 1201 : Bio Test 4 Notes
Document Summary
Catabolic pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels: cellular respiration and fermentation are catabolic pathways, fermentation is the partial breakdown of sugars that occurs without the use of oxygen. An anaerobic process: cellular respiration is an atp- producing pathway in which the ultimate electron acceptor is oxygen. Deltag=-686 kcal/mol of sugar: brain cells are the only cells that must use glucose as energy. Redox reactions: oxidation is the loss of electrons from one molecule (losing electrons, reduction is the gain, or addition of electrons to a molecule. A molecule can"t be oxidized without another molecule being reduced: doesn"t have to the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another. It can involve a change in the level of electron sharing within a covalent bond. So carbon has partially lost its shared electrons and has become oxidized. Oxygen becomes reduced: oxidation v. s reduction (fig 9. 3) Electronegativity: pulling an electron away from an atom requires energy.
