BIOL 1202 : Biology 1202 Test 2
Document Summary
Macroevolution & phylogeny: sometimes the most parsimonious arrangement for one character is not the most accurate overall , bird-mammal clade, 4 chambered heart. If only talks about bird and mammal-say that a bird and mammal have a common ancestor to get. End of chapter questions at end of chapter 26. Mosaic plant virus: 3 common parts of viruses: Can be either single-stranded or double stranded dna or rna. Capsid- protein coat which surrounds and protects genome. Envelope- membrane (phospholipid bilayer) which surrounds the capsid. **viruses evolve: when you get flu vaccine, inject a strand of the inactive form of the flu. Cannot get the flu from being injected by the flu: hiv is impossible to beat in humans. 1000 of genomes of hiv in body making it impossible to over come. Three lines of defense against microbial attack: innate defense, nonspecific external barriers, nonspecific internal defenses, acquired immunity, specific immune response.
