BIOL 2153 Study Guide - Final Guide: Normal Operator, Genetic Disorder, Peptide
Document Summary
Chapter 16: geneticists have learned that highly efficient mechanisms have evolved to turn transcription of specific genes on and off depending on the cell"s metabolic need for the gene"s products, regulation, 1. Produce certain enzymes only when specific chemical substrates are present. Repressible: the system governing tryptophan expression, sufficient supply of tryptophan in environment so no need to expend energy to synthesize enzymes needed for tryptophan production. Tryptophan plays a role in repressing the transcription of mrna needed for producing tryptophan-synthesizing enzymes: negative vs. positive control. Enter stomach v. cholerae cells limit protein synthesis. Move to small intestine bacteria secrete proteases to break down the mucosal lining. Reach the intestinal epithelial cells stop making flagellin; make and secrete toxin. Toxin depletes cells of chloride ions; secrete water; severe dehydration: all possible because of gene regulation, gene regulation, control of gene expression processes, 1. Binding of rna polymerase to promoter key step/ most common. Release of the mrna at termination: 2.
