PSYC 101 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Wilhelm Wundt, Observer-Expectancy Effect, Scientific Method
Document Summary
Definition of psychology: the scientific study of behavior (overt) and mental (covert) The goals of psychology: description (what is happening?, explanation (why is it happening?, prediction (when will it happen again?, control (how can it be changed?) The first psychological laboratory: wilhelm wundt (germany 1879) Also developed the technique of objective introspection. Differences between psychodynamic theory, behaviorism, and gestalt psychology: psychodynamic: modern psychoanalysis. Focus: development of a sense of self and the discovery of other motivations behind a person"s behavior than sexual motives: behaviorism: (science of behavior) Only observable, no consciousness study: gestalt psych: focus on perception and sensation, particularly the perception of pattern and whole figures. The basics of the scientific method: formulate question, form hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw conclusions, report results. The basics of correlational, experimental and descriptive research: descriptive methods: Describing behaviors in natural settings: observer is unobtrusive and habituation assumed (+) realistic behavior (-) observer effect: tendency to behave diff when being watched.
