BIO 325 Study Guide - Comprehensive Midterm Guide: Gap Junction, Positive Feedback, Osmoregulation
Document Summary
Chapter one: no clear nucleus, no organelles, no mitotic apparatus, one single chromosome formed in ring, include. Eukaryotic cells: have nucleus and multiple chromosomes, mitosis for reproduction and have nucleoli, contain organelles, cell membrane (vital to maintaining homeostasis) General cellular functions: movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, communication. Cell membranes (most important structure: most pathologies start with the injury to the cell membrane, functions include . Polar ends (head) face outward and interact with aqueous solution. Non polar ends (tails) face inward to form the membrane core (hydrophobic: forms barrier between outer and inner parts of the cell and prevents molecules from crossing. Structure (major chemical components are lipids and proteins: proteins: embedded to create binding sites and channels. Extrinsic: bound internal and external membrane surfaces. Intrinsic: embedded within the lipid bilayer: carbohydrate chains on membrane surfaces. Serve in identification and immune function: lipids: most basic component. Soluable material moves laterally around core of bilayer.
