AN SC 423 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Leukotriene, Brainstem, Respiratory Tract
Document Summary
Ventilation- movement of air in and out of the lungs. Co2 is transported and transformed into a bicarbonate. Regulated in the lungs and the kidneys. Phonation - the ability to talk or make sound. Upper respiratory system generally ends at the larynx. Lined with epithelial layer, which helps with moistening the air. Empty cavities are used for holding and warming air. Parietal pleura is stuck to the inner wall of the thoracic cavity. Visceral pleura are stuck to the lungs. There is a tiny space between the two, which is filled with clear liquid secreted from the visceral layer called pleural fluid. Partial vacuum between lungs and inner wall of the thoracic cavity. Dome shaped structure, muscles contract and relax due to phrenic nerve impulses. Alveolus is made of a single layer of epithelial cells. In the cavities, there are also immune cells found. Pulmonary surfactant reduces surface tension and promotes alveolar stability.
