[BIO 150] - Final Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (25 pages long)

• School: Quinnipiac University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO 150
• Professor: Linda Iadarola;

Document Summary

Concept 2. 1: matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds. Organisms are composed of matter, which is anything that takes up space and has mass. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions. A compound is a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio. Sodium chloride (nacl), a compound composed of the elements sodium (na) and chlorine (cl) in a 1:1 ratio. Essential elements- an organism needs to live a healthy life and reproduce. Of 92 natural elements, about 20-25% are essential elements. Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen make up 96% of living matter. Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, and a few other elements account for most of the remaining 4% of an organism"s mass. Trace elements- required by an organism in only minute quantities. In vertebrates, the element iodine is an essential ingredient of a hormone produced in the thyroid gland.