BIOL 203 Midterm: BIO EXAM 3 DIAGRAMS

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roseraccoon626

14 Nov 2016

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The figure above shows the formation and inactivation of the following molecule: Match the terms in the figure to the right: Match the following stages of mitotic cellular division in the figure below: Mitotic spindle forms and chromatin fibers become more tightly coiled b. Chromosomes become less condense; cell pinches into two daughter cells; mitosis is complete e. Each chromatid becomes a chromosome as kinetochore microtubules are shortened d. Longest stage of mitosis; microtubules from opposite poles attach to kinetochores of sister chromatids c. Two centrosomes form; chromosomes duplicated during s phase but cannot be seen individually a. Match the following proteins involved in dna replication in the figure below: Enzyme that untwists the double helix at the replication forks c. Enzyme that corrects overwinding ahead of replication forks a. Enzyme that adds rna nucleotides using the parental dna as a template b. Proteins that bind to and stabilize single-stranded dna d.

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M2A1 Worksheet: Mitosis and Meiosis

A dog is a diploid organisms and has 39 pairs of chromosomes (2n = 78), where n = 39 chromosomes from each parent. Use this example to answer the following question regarding chromosomal number.

INTERPHASE

How many chromosomes are present in the somatic cell?

What do they look like?

What are they âdoingâ in G1 of this phase?

What is happening in the S phase?

What is happening in the G2 phase?

What follows G2 phase in a somatic cell?

What follows G2 phase in a gamete cell?

MITOSIS

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in the daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in the daughter cell.

How many daughter cells are produced?

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid?

How many cell divisions take place?

In what type of cell does this division occur?

Meiosis 1:

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis 1?

Meiosis II:

Number of chromosomes in the âparentâ cell (which is a daughter cell from Meiosis I).

Number of chromatids in the âparentâ cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis II?

Which phase or phases of Meiosis account for the genetic variability among the daughter cells? Howâ¦ what happens in this phase to create the diversity?

Comparing Mitosis and Meiosisâ¦..

How many daughter cells result from Mitosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

How many daughter cells result from Meiosis? Are they diploid or Haploid?

Cell structures and function: Match each organelle to its function:

Organelle Function

Lysosome 1. Lipid synthesis

Rough ER 2. Houses DNA

Nucleus 3. Energy extraction

Smooth ER 4. Dismantles debris

Golgi apparatus 5. detoxification

Mitochondria 6. Protein synthesis

Peroxisome 7. Processes secretions

What is the function of checkpoint proteins in the cell cycle?

How can all of a personâs cells contain exactly the same genetic material, yet specialize as bone cells, nerve cells, muscle cells and connective tissues?

What are the 3 primary germ layers?

Briefly, in one or two sentences, distinguish between

a bacterial cell and a eukaryotic cell

interphase and mitosis

mitosis and apoptosis

an autosome and a sex chromosome

homologous pair of chromosomes and a sister chromatid

centromere and centriole

chromosome and chromatid

monozygotic and dizygotic twins

allele and gene

Short answers please

1. What is the ultimate effect in an XY human with its SRY genemutated?

2. In humans, the allele for brown eye (B) is dominant to blue(b) eye color. If two heterozygous parents produce children, whatis the probability that:

a. The first child has brown eyes, and the next two childrenhave blue eyes?

b. If the couple above eventually produces a total of sixchildren, what is the probability that three of them will be boyswith brown eyes, and three of them girls with blue eyes?

3. In a paternity dispute, a type AB woman claimed that one ofthe four men was the father of her type A child. Which of thefollowing men could be the father of the child on the basis of theevidence below? Give your reasoning.

Man #1 = type A

Man #2 = type B

Man #3 = type O

Man #4 = type AB

4. Several mating were made among all-white cats. The progentfrom these mating showed the following phenotypic frequency:

All-white cats = 12/16

Black cats = 3/16

Gray cats = 1/16

a. Diagram the cross showing the genotypes of the parents, andtheir progeny as given above,

b. Which gene is epistatic? Explain your answer.

5. Mitosis and meiosis differ in that

a. homologues are seperated in prophase of mitosis

b. homologues are seperated in prophase I of meiosis

c. homologues are seperated in prophase II of meiosis

d. sister chromatids are seperated in prophase I of meiosis

6. The phases of meiosis that most resemble those of mitosisare

a. the meiosis I phase

b. the meiosis II phase

c. meiosis I, except for the pairing of homologues

d. meiosis II, except for the pairing of homologues

7. Genetic variability in sexually reproducing organism s arisesfrom

a. crossing over events between sister chromatids

b. crossing over events between nonsister chromatids

c. egg and sperm genetic recombination from distinctindividuals

d. egg and sperm recombination from an individual

8. A female contains an extra X chromosome, resulting fromnondisjunction. When this gamete is fertilized with normal sperm,it would result in an individual of a genotype

a. XXX

b. XXY

c. XYY

d. all of the above

e. only a and b

9. A diploid organism has the genotype AaBbCcDdEe. How manydifferent types of gametes can this individual produce?

a. 5

b. 10

c. 25

d. 32

e. 625

10. Assuming complete dominance, what is the phenotype ratio ofthe offspring of the cross AaBb x aabb?

a. 1:1

b. 3:1

c. 1:2:1

d. 1:1:1:1

e. 9:3:3:1

byzantiumkangaroo348

I'll be thankful if someone can help me to do this!

According to this:

Read the following New York Times article and then answer the questions below and then answer the questions New Clues to Sex Anomalies in How Y Chromosomes Are Copied

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/15/science/15chrom.html?scp=1&sq=sex%20anomalies&st=cse

This activity contains 5 questions.

When discarding bad genes, what does the Y chromosome recombine with?

	the other Y chromosome
	the compliment X chromosome
	itself
	nothing

What holds a pair of copied chromosomes together?

	chromatid
	centrosome
	centromere
	chromatin

A person with Turner's syndrome has which of the following?

	a single X chromosome
	two X chromosomes
	a single Y chromosome
	two Y chromosomes

Where is the male-determining gene on the Y chromosome?

	close to the end of the right arm
	close to the end of the left arm
	near the middle of the right arm
	near the middle of the left arm

Briefly explain how an individual can have some cells with no Y chromosome and other cells with a double-Y chromosome . (in your response, go beyond the article, search the web, use experiences from your life, broaden your horizons)

You must make 2 reflective, thoughtful, deep, constructive critiques of your class mates posts. as part of a threaded discussion following their initial post. The critiques must not about you, but about science!

Here's the first peson. Needs to reply for some of her answers as it says above.

1. When discarding bad genes, the Y chromosomes recombines with itself.

2. The centromere functions to hold a pair of copied chromosomes together.

3. A person with Turnerâs syndrome is born with a single X chromosome.

4. The male-determining gene on the Y chromosome is located close to the end of the left arm.

5. An individual can have some cells with no Y chromosomes and other cells with double Y chromosomes, due to the differing variants present in regards to the genotypes of the cells in a single individual. When the Y chromosome is compared to other chromosomes such as the X chromosome, mutations and deviation in the distance of the centromere are much more prevalent due to the Y chromosome lacking a backup system to promote repairs.¹ (Links to an external site.) Even if a mutation caused a condition such as the XYY syndrome where two Y chromosomes are present, that mutation and genotype would not be present in every single cell of the individual.² (Links to an external site.) The presence of different genotypes offers an tentative explanation to as why a single individual can have some cells with no Y chromosomes while also housing other cells with double Y chromosomes.

Source 1 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/15/science/15chrom.html

Source 2 https://www.healthline.com/health/xyy-syndrome

Here's the second person. Needs to do the same as it says above.

1. Itself

2. Centromere

3. A single X chromosome

4. Close to the end of the left arm

5. Briefly explain how an individual can have some cells with no Y chromosome and other cells with a double-Y chromosome.

In some cases, the Y chromosome reaches over to a neighboring counterpart and the two chromosomes fuse. This results in the loss of part of the chromosome. Jacobâs Syndrome is sometimes also called XYY syndrome because the person has two Y chromosomes. Although a person can survive with this genetic mutation, some physical traits may be observed such as taller than average height, weak muscle development or late speech development.

Source 1 https://www.healthline.com/health/xyy-syndrome

Source 2 http://www.isna.org/faq/y_chromosome

BIOL 203 Midterm: BIO EXAM 3 DIAGRAMS

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