[BSCI 105] - Midterm Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (42 pages long)
5 Oct 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
UMD
BSCI 105
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
8/31/16
Structure Function Relationships
Form Follows Function
Inferring function of unfamiliar structures
Ex: Paleontologists infer the functions of different features found in dinosaur
fossils.
In order for something to function well, it has to have certain features.
Important
Energy Transformation
Thermodynamics
Energy can’t be created or destroyed
Energy is “moved around”
Transformation: Solar Energy -> Chemical Energy
Emergent Properties
Levels of Organization
The properties of a thing depend on what is made of
Properties of individual parts do not predict properties of a thing
As you increase level of organization new properties appear
Regulatory Mechanisms
Processes are regulated
Feedback loops
Competitive interactions
Evolution
Common Ancestry
ALL organisms evolve from other organisms
ALL organisms have a single common ancestor
Cell Theory
Continuity of Life
ALL cells come from other cells
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
ALL life is made of cells
What is a Cell?
ALL cells have common features:
Limiting membrane – everything is kept together
Cytoplasm (cytosol)
DNA based chromosomes – carries our genetic information
RNA – made from DNA
Ribosomes make protein
Living things are organized, they create organization
Evolution and Diversity of Cells
Domains of Life
Prokaryotes – Very small, little cellular diversity to our eyes, a lot of biomechanical
diversity
Bacteria
Archea
Eukaryotes
Protists
Fungi
Animals
Plants
Prokaryotic Cells
Plasma Membrane
Cytosol
Nucleoid Body
Ribosomes
Eukaryotic Cells
Plasma Membrane
Cytosol
Ribosomes
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Ex: paleontologists infer the functions of different features found in dinosaur fossils. In order for something to function well, it has to have certain features. The properties of a thing depend on what is made of. Properties of individual parts do not predict properties of a thing. As you increase level of organization new properties appear. Dna based chromosomes carries our genetic information. Prokaryotes very small, little cellular diversity to our eyes, a lot of biomechanical diversity. Set of internal membranes that are all connected and related. Hypothesis: organelles evolved from captured bacteria living symbiotically. The molecules of life: the chemistry of life in water. A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions. Chemical reactions and structures are determined by characteristics of atoms. In a normal atom, # electrons = # protons. The behavior and distribution of electrons in atoms is the basis for chemistry.
