BIO SCI 94- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 51 pages long!)

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BIO SCI 94 Full Course Notes

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Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. 2 main prokaryotic domains: bacteria and archaea. Cladogram : type of evolutionary tree built on cladistic principles. Synapomorphies: traits found suitable for grouping taxa or groups; shared(derived) trait in 2 or more taxa that was present in their common ancestor and missing further back. Parsimony: method that implies as few evolutionary steps as possible. Coherence: trees built using different synapomorphies should agree. Scientific theory : a proposed explanation for a very general class of phenomena; well supported by broad range of evidence. Hypothesis: proposed explanation for a specific phenomenon or set of observations. Extinct: a lineage whose members are all dead. Different species are related, not independent creations. Evidence from: geology and physics, fossils, homology. Measuring age of earth and different sediment layers; example: carbon isotopes. Radioactive decay: loss of particles from nucleus at a regular rate that is isotope specific. U 238 decay uranium; 4. 5 billion years, example: volcanic rock.

Related Questions

Yellow seeds on a pea plant are an example of a/an ______.

Question 40 options:

element.

2)	phenotype.

3)	environmental factor.

genotype.

allele.

A plant that produces white flowers is crossed to a plant that produces orange flowers. All of the offspring produced white flowers. What can you conclude?

Question 41 options:

1)	Orange flower color is the dominant phenotype.

2)	White flower color is the dominant phenotype.

3)	The genes for flower color do not assort independently.

4)	The genes for flower color are on separate chromosomes.

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Question 42 (1 point)

What units are bonded together to make a strand of DNA?

Question 42 options:

Proteins

Enzymes

Cells

4)	Nucleotides

5)	Chromatids

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Question 43 (1 point)

Many modern-day trees are tall because ______.

Question 43 options:

1)	it is easier for tall tress to obtain water.

2)	tall tress obtain more sunlight, so they produce more offspring than short trees.

3)	tall trees offer less wind resistance.

4)	tall trees are less affected by disease.

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Question 44 (1 point)

An organismâs phenotype includes ______.

Question 44 options:

1)	its physical characteristics.

2)	its behavior.

3)	none of the above.

4)	both A and B.

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Question 45 (1 point)

Which of these is a correct order of taxonomic categories from less specific to more specific?

Question 45 options:

1)	Kingdom domain phylum order class family genus

2)	Domain phylum kingdom order class family genus

3)	Domain kingdom phylum class order family genus

4)	Domain kingdom class phylum order family genus

5)	Kingdom domain phylum class family order genus

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Question 46 (1 point)

In the scientific name of humans, Homo sapiens, the name âsapiensâ is the ______.

Question 46 options:

class.

species.

genus.

order.

family.

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Question 47 (1 point)

Cells occur singly and have a nucleus and other organelles, including chloroplasts. These cells move with flagella. They are ______.

Question 47 options:

bacteria.

protists.

archaea.

fungi.

5)	two of these are possible.

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Question 48 (1 point)

Cilia are ______.

Question 48 options:

1)	the cytoplasmic extensions or false feet used by some cell types for locomotion.

2)	different kinds of cells each designed to perform a different function.

3)	the circular chromosomes of bacteria.

4)	many short hair-like cellular extensions found on the surface of some protists.

5)	a few long whip-like extensions, used by protists for locomotion.

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Question 49 (1 point)

The state of having more than two full sets of chromosomes is called ______.

Question 49 options:

1)	autosomal.

dominant.

3)	polyploidy.

4)	aneuploidy.

5)	nondisjunction.

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Question 50 (1 point)

Which of the following occurs in mitosis but NOT in meiosis?

Question 50 options:

1)	Cells genetically identical to parents are made.

2)	Crossing over.

3)	Independent assortment of chromosomes.

4)	Pairing up of similar chromosomes during prophase.

Yellow seeds on a pea plant are an example of a/an ______.

Question 40 options:

element.

2)	phenotype.

3)	environmental factor.

genotype.

allele.

It's a quiz for my life science class.

QUESTION 1

Organisms that have descended from the same initial group and have the ability to interbreed belong to the same

	A.	species.
	B.	family.
	C.	class.
	D.	genus.
	E.	order.

5 points

QUESTION 2

The simplest entity that exhibits all of the properties of life is called a(n)

	A.	molecule.
	B.	cell.
	C.	organism.
	D.	tissue.

5 points

QUESTION 3

In populations, adaptation usually arises through

	A.	responsiveness.
	B.	heredity.
	C.	metabolism.
	D.	natural selection.
	E.	development.

5 points

QUESTION 4

Scientists have found that ancient fossils

	A.	are less similar to present-day organisms than more recent fossils.
	B.	are just as similar to present-day organisms as more recent fossils.
	C.	are more similar to present-day organisms than more recent fossils.
	D.	are very similar to present-day organisms.
	E.	bear no resemblance to present-day organisms.

5 points

QUESTION 5

What is the term that describes the study of the relationship between living things and components of their environment?

	A.	herpetology
	B.	analogy
	C.	zoology
	D.	ecology
	E.	ichnology

5 points

QUESTION 6

Characteristics usually associated with life include all of the following except:

	A.	motility.
	B.	a high degree of organization.
	C.	lack of change from generation to generation.
	D.	reproduction.
	E.	responsiveness to stimuli.

5 points

QUESTION 7

The scientific name for the black-footed ferret is Mustela nigripes. The name Mustela indicates the _____________________ to which the organisms belongs.

	A.	phylum
	B.	class
	C.	family
	D.	species
	E.	genus

5 points

QUESTION 8

Which of the following is considered to be the most basic living unit?

	A.	organ system
	B.	molecule
	C.	organelle
	D.	cell
	E.	tissue

5 points

QUESTION 9

Which of the following concepts best describes the wide variety of dog species we observe, ranging from the domesticated golden retriever or the basset hound, to the wild dogs of Africa, to foxes?

	A.	preadaptation
	B.	special creation
	C.	inheritance of acquired characteristics.
	D.	taxonomy
	E.	evolution

5 points

QUESTION 10

If an ecologist is studying the cycling of carbon through a particular environment (which involes the movement of carbon through living things as well as through rock, air, and water), the scientist is studying at what level of ecology?

	A.	organismal
	B.	community
	C.	ecosystem
	D.	population
	E.	biosphere

5 points

QUESTION 11

Which list is organized from smallest to largest level of organization of life?

	A.	organisms, organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, organelles
	B.	organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
	C.	organelles, tissues, cells, organ systems, organs, organisms
	D.	tissues, cells, organelles, organs, organ systems, organisms
	E.	cells, tissues, organ systems, organelles, organs, organisms

5 points

QUESTION 12

When examining the hierarchy of life, which of the following terms is most inclusive?

	A.	biosphere
	B.	population
	C.	species
	D.	ecosystem

5 points

QUESTION 13

The units of inheritance are

	A.	evolutions.
	B.	heredities.
	C.	genes
	D.	twins.
	E.	metabolic activities.

5 points

QUESTION 14

Organisms that undergo asexual reproduction

	A.	require another organism to reproduce.
	B.	are usually very complex.
	C.	produce offspring that are different from each other.
	D.	do not require energy to reproduce.
	E.	produce offspring that are identical to each other and to the parent.

5 points

QUESTION 15

All the living organisms in a particular area at a particular time make up a

	A.	biosphere.
	B.	community.
	C.	biosystem.
	D.	population.
	E.	ecosystem.

5 points

QUESTION 16

The first step in the scientific method is to

	A.	identify a problem.
	B.	predict the results of an experiment.
	C.	propose a solution.
	D.	draw a conclusion.
	E.	perform an experiment.

5 points

QUESTION 17

Young multicelled organisms usually start out small, then grow in size, and increase in complexity. This process is called:

	A.	heredity.
	B.	metabolism.
	C.	development.
	D.	evolution.
	E.	heredity.

5 points

QUESTION 18

To maintain order within their cells and organs, all living things must

	A.	carry on metabolism.
	B.	reproduce.
	C.	constantly change.
	D.	be able to move.
	E.	extract energy from sunlight.

5 points

QUESTION 19

Which of the following includes Highest levels of hierarchy?

	A.	family
	B.	phylum
	C.	domain
	D.	kingdom
	E.	order

5 points

QUESTION 20

Fungi are classified into which domain?

	A.	Archaea
	B.	Eukarya
	C.	Bacteria
	D.	Fungi

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BIO SCI 94- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 51 pages long!)

BIO SCI 94 Full Course Notes

Document Summary

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