HUMAN 1B Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes -
HUMAN 1B
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Week 1
Tuesday
●Machu Picchu (Old) (1400s Inca temple and fortress in today's Peru)
●Inca means “the king”
●Incan empire was strongest in the 1400s.
○First, the amazing power of Incan empire, and people's ability to adapt
when being colonized by Europeans. Indigenous people transformed
themselves.
○Secondly, a horrible reality of Empire causing much destruction.
Colonization is painful and about forgetting.
○Three, Colonization about history, and something you can argue.
●Conquest is a story the conquerors tell themselves. What are these stories of
Conquest and colonization? What do they tell you about empire and its ruins
●Colonial vs Conquest: Conquest was when fighting happened, Colonial is when
mind tricks really happen, more structured exploitation.
●Andes: the mountain range
●Machu Picchu:
●Quechua: language of Incan Empire
●Inca Empire and Inca Rulers
●Peru (Colombia, Ecuador, Chile,)
●Historians are obsessed with time and place
●Methods of History
○Time, place, evidence, argument
●How the Inca empire ruled
○Administration
●Time: early 1400s to the early 1500s
●Inca Empire: ruled 2,500 miles and had millions in their reign
●Cuzco: capital city of Incan Empire
●Quechua: official language of Empire
●They grew maize, quinoa, chuñu, charqui were grown in the Inca Empire.
●It's very difficult to grow in the Andes, very dry very cold.
●They increased agricultural product because of this.
●Evidence and Argument
●I case wear uncus of cumbi cloth.
●Primary sources vs secondary sources.
●What Historians are trying to do is structure arguments and to make claims to
relate evidence and to agree or disagree with others.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
●Incan empire successfully conquered the Andes bc of their Military but their
social hierarchy.
●Why were they so powerful?
○They held it bc of their firm administrative hold.
○Quipu - kept record of military, produce and money.
○A pro of being conquered by the Incas then you will have a sufficient food
supply
○They ruled their people
○Forced every married man to serve the M’ita, which is similar to forced
community service. They required some sort of labor.
○Because of this the Incas were able to build it's immense road systems and
road buildings.
○Many people testified that they could see the value in serving their M'ita.
●How the Inca Ruled
○Hierarchy
○Established Incas as the belly button of the world.
○Clothing communicates class.
○Weavers were valued greatly, the more fancy the clothing the higher the
person's class.
○Uncu: a clothing of the Incas that represents class.
●Military
○Strategy was adapted for the mountains in which they lived.
○Mobilized thousands to fight for years.
○The Inca forced their enemies to surrender
○If you don't surrender, then you would be conquered and relocated
somewhere else. Labeled people were named Mitamae.
○Move them to a place with loyal citizens who would teach them.
●Interpretation of the Inca Empire
○Timing of introduced disease:
○1527: the Inca Huayna Capac died without leaving an heir the throne of the
Inca Empire.
●1527-1532: Sons of the Inca Huayna Capac at war.
●1532: The Spanish enter the Inca Empire RIGHT in the MIDDLE of the civil war.
●Garcilaso de la Vega: gets his evidence from hanging out with his mother, who
was Inca.
●Claimed to be a Inca because he was born and raised an Inca. Also raised by a
Spanish father. Moved to Spain when he was 20 and was a man of both worlds.
●Sees himself as a cultural Mestizo.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Machu picchu (old) (1400s inca temple and fortress in today"s peru) Incan empire was strongest in the 1400s. First, the amazing power of incan empire, and people"s ability to adapt when being colonized by europeans. Secondly, a horrible reality of empire causing much destruction. Three, colonization about history, and something you can argue. Conquest is a story the conquerors tell themselves. What do they tell you about empire and its ruins. Colonial vs conquest: conquest was when fighting happened, colonial is when mind tricks really happen, more structured exploitation. Historians are obsessed with time and place. Time: early 1400s to the early 1500s. Inca empire: ruled 2,500 miles and had millions in their reign. They grew maize, quinoa, chu u, charqui were grown in the inca empire. It"s very difficult to grow in the andes, very dry very cold. They increased agricultural product because of this. I case wear uncus of cumbi cloth.
