BCH 100 Study Guide - Final Guide: Acetal, Glycosidic Bond, Furanose
3 Dec 2016
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Definition a carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolyzed to a simpler carbohydrate. Ose refers to sugar a polyhydroxy aldehyde example: a polyhydroxy ketone example: Functional group where a carbon is connected to 2 -or groups. Bond that holds carbohydrates together. the new stereocenter resulting from cyclic hemiacetal or hemiketal formation carbohydrates that differ in configuration only at the anomeric carbon. Sugars capable of acting as reducing agents as a result of a free ketone/aldehyde group. End of polysaccharide that is not involved in glycosidic bond. Long chains: be familiar with reducing the carbonyl c of an aldose to an alcohol. Red highlights indicate the reducing carbonyl c of an aldose to an alcohol (alditol) Learning objectives: explain hemiacetal and acetal formation. The reaction between an aldehyde and an alcohol produces a hemiacetal. (see table for reaction). A hemiacetal/-ketal can be combined with alcohols to produce acetals/ketals: explain how carbohydrates are modified with phosphate groups using specific kinases.
