[LIFESCI 2] - Final Exam Guide - Ultimate 64 pages long Study Guide!
Document Summary
Four major types of macromolecules are: proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids: macromolecule: huge molecules in size. Very large molecule made of smaller molecules linked covalently. Also known as: biological molecules, polymers: proteins: Made of amino acids (20 different types: carbohydrates: Glucose, fructose, and galactose: nucleic acids. Lipids: fatty acids and glycerol, not big enough to be considered a macromolecule (sometimes called) The functions of these biological molecules are related to their shape and the chemical properties of their monomers. Some of the roles of the macromolecules include: energy storage, structural support, transport, protection and defense, regulation of metabolic activities, means for movement, growth, and development, heredity. Always shifting between the polymer and monomer depending on the need of the cell. Condensation/dehydration synthesis reactions join two monomers: whenever a link is formed a water molecule is generated. Hydrolysis reaction separates two monomers: water is always used to separate the covalent bond.
