BIOL 1102 Study Guide - Final Guide: Sickle-Cell Disease, Repressor, Genetic Variation
Document Summary
The flow of genetic information: dna (transcription) (cid:314) rna (translation) (cid:314) protein. Transcription occurs on both strands of the dna molecule but in different directions. Enzyme rna polymerase makes the mrna molecule. A codon is a group of 3 mrna bases. Transfer rna (trna) carries amino acids to ribosomes. An anticodon is the trna complement to the mrna codon. A protein is a sequence of amino acids. Many dna mutations have no affect on the phenotype, because the 3rd codon position can often be any base and still make the same amino acid. Gene expression is when the gene has gone through transcription and translation to make a protein. Transcription does not require a primer, because rna polymerase starts it. Methyl groups (ch 3 ) added to c and a nucleotides. Are present in all cells and dna except housekeeping genes. A major form of tissue specific gene regulation.