CMPSC 64 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Spim, Mnemonic, Opcode
Document Summary
Welcome to computer organization and design logic : modern computer architecture, 5 main components of a computer, processor, cpu, hertz (cycles per second, memory, more short-term than secondary data storage, ram vs. rom, ram = random access memory. Can be changed: rom = read-only memory, bytes. 0s and 1s: byte = a common collection of bytes. 8 bits = 1 byte: 1 nibble = 4 bytes, ascii uses 7 bits to convey one character. Instructions get executed in the cpu in machine language, in 1s and 0s. Each instruction needs multiple cycles of the cpu to get executed fully. In low-level languages, you need to spell the cycles out. In high-level languages, you do not need to spell the cycles out. A high-level language translates the cycles to multiple statements in low-level language. High level vs. low level programming: high-level computer languages are simpler to use and easier to read/understand. 0 through 9: base 2: binary numbers.
