ANTH 1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Grooming Claw, Lamarckism, Gregor Mendel
Document Summary
Humanity"s past, ecological/environmental, history of human species. Identify question, develop hypothesis, test hypothesis, broad application. All individuals have variation which we inherit from parents. More individuals are born into a population that can survive. Natural selection determines who will survive and reproduce. Gained characteristics during lifetime then passed them on to children. Organisms not closely related evolve similar traits because of similar environments. Example: platypus and ducks both have beaks. Analogous: similar adaptation in unrelated species like bats & birds. Homologous: traits inherited from common ancestor like whale & dog spine. Polygenic: trait controlled by two or more genes, shows wide variety of phenotypes. Example: height is controlled by 3 genes with 6 alleles. Derived: trait that the current species has but the previous did not. Example: giving birth to live young, nucleus in a cell. Ancestral: trait that is shared by the current species and its ancestors. Example: chimps and humans have forward facing eyes.
