BIMM 100 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Nuclease, Plasmid, Exonuclease

• School: UCSD
• Department: Biology/Molec Biol, Microbiol
• Course: BIMM 100
• Professor: Amy Pasquinelli

Document Summary

The central dogma of biology: dna -> transcription (rna polymerase) -> rna -> translation (ribosome) -> protein, dna replication can occur through dna polymerase, rna replication can occur, rna -> dna through reverse transcription. Complex macromolecules of cells: nucleic acids, dna consists of polymers of 4 deoxyribonucleotides, rna consists of polymers of 4 ribonucleotides, proteins, polymers of 20 amino acids. Initially thought to be molecular basis of biological functions because very diverse. Structure of dna: nucleotide (monomer): sugar, triphosphate, and a base, sugar: -oh group missing at 2c, bases: purine and pyrimidine, purines: a/g, have 2 rings, pyrimidines: t/c, have one ring, monomer called nucleoside triphosphates (ntps). In dna, called dntps: nucleotides link to form nucleic acid polymers with sugar phosphate backbone, 5" phosphate g(cid:396)oup atta(cid:272)hes to 3" h(cid:455)d(cid:396)o(cid:454)(cid:455)l g(cid:396)oup to form phosphodiester bonds. Griffith experiment: discovery of transforming principle: 2 types of strains: smooth (virulent) and rough (non-virulent). If heat-killed s injected into mice, mice lives.