BIPN 150 Study Guide - Comprehensive Final Exam Guide - Glutamic Acid, Neuron, Nmda Receptor
Document Summary
Ischemic stroke: blood clots: events in the brain evolve over time following a stroke, death of neurons occurs in early stages - first minutes/hours. Ischemic core starts off as relatively small area. Sodium keeps building up, increases membrane potential: chloride channel (slc26a11) opens under cell conditions and allows. Cl- to enter the cell: causes major neuronal swelling with nacl, cytotoxic edema initiated by na+ & cl- overload that draws water into the neuron. Labels cell w/ dye that binds to sodium. Outlined entire cell: mimicked ischemic conditions by hyperactivating nmda receptors, +nmda: neurons swelled, removing extracellular sodium, +nmda, no change, even some shrinkage. Runaway depolarization that occurs during ischemia = too much glutamate being released. Hyper-activation of nmda receptors is very bad: nmda not only allows na+ in, but also ca2+, which has many. Blunt head trauma - sports, falls | blast injury. Found in people who have had repeated blows to the head contact sports, military service, domestic violence)
