KAAP309 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Central Nervous System, Somatic Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System

• School: University of Delaware
• Department: Kinesiology & Appl Physiology
• Course: KAAP309
• Professor: williamrose

Document Summary

Functions of the nervous system: sensory input. Information gathered by sensory receptors about internal and external changes: integration. Activation of effector organs (muscles and glands) produces a response. Paired spinal and cranial nerves carry messages to and from the cns. Functional divisions: sensory (afferent) division, somatic afferent fibers convey impulses from skin, skeletal muscles, and, visceral afferent fibers convey impulses from visceral organs, transmits impulses from the cns to effector organs, motor (efferent) division joints. Conscious control of skeletal muscles: autonomic (involuntary) Histology of nervous tissue: neurons excitable cells that transmit electrical signals. High metabolic rate depends on continuous supply of oxygen and glucose: neuroglia (glial cells) supporting cells, electrical signaling, cell-to-cell interactions during development. Astrocytes (cns: **most abundant, versatile, **highly branched, cling to neurons, synaptic endings, capillaries, support/brace neurons, control chem environment, info processing in the brain. Microglia (cns) defensive cells: small, ovoid cells with thorny processes, migrate toward injured neurons, phagocytize microorganisms and neuronal debris.