ANT 3520 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Osteon, Haversian Canal, Microstructure
12 Jul 2016
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Skeletal anatomy: humans designed for bipedalism- reflected by vertical axis of orientation; bones designed as a way to absorb shock of walking on two legs. Longer and thinner; less dense cortical bone: infant bones are easily confused with animal bones- distinction is that juvenile human bones have unfused epiphyses and have indistinct edges; the number of bones in the skeleton itself is increased. Bone microstructure (also known as histology: humans have osteons scattered, with space between them, animals have osteon banding in rectangular rows which forms a plexiform structure. Humans have more rounded teeth; generalized design with canines, molars and incisors. Animals have much more variation depending on their diet (round flat teeth for vegetation vs canines for predators) Human teeth- generally 32; eight per quadrant in the mouth. 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars (2:1:2:3) Each osteon is formed from lamellae (compact bone tissue) that surrounds a haversian canal.
