GEOGRAPH 102 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Developing Country, South Asia, Life Expectancy
12 Oct 2018
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GEOGRAPH 102
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
10.1 Development Regions
● Human Development Index
- To measure the level of development of every country, the UN has created the
Human Development Index (HDX).
- The highest HDI possible is 1.0. The HDI considers development to be a function
of three factors: a decent standard of living, a long and healthy life, and access to
knowledge.
● Regional Differences in Development
- Geographers divide the world into two developed and seven developing regions
● Income
- Gross national income (GNI) is the value of the output of goods and services
produced in a country/year
- Purchasing power parity (PPP) is an adjustment made to the GNI to account for
differences among countries in the cost of goods
- Gross domestic product (GDP) also measures the value of the output of goods and
services produced in a country/year, but it does not account for money that leaves
and enters the country
● Economic Structure
Jobs fall into three categories
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- Primary Sector: Directly extracting materials from Earth through agriculture or
through mining, fishing, and forestry.
- Secondary Sector: Manufacturing raw materials into products
- Tertiary sector: Providing goods and services to people in exchange for payment.
10.2 A decent Standard of Living
Productivity
● Workers in developed countries are more productive than those in developing countries.
Productivity is the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed
to make it.
Health
- The UN considers good health to be as an important a measure of development as wealth
and knowledge
- A goal of development is to provide the nutrition and medical services needed for people
to lead long and healthy lives.
- From the many health and medical indicators, the UN has selected life expectancy at
birth as the contributor to the HDI
- A baby born this year is expected to live on average until age 71 worldwide, until 80 in
developed countries and to only 57 in sub-saharan Africa.
10.3 Access to knowledge and health
● Education
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Document Summary
To measure the level of development of every country, the un has created the. The hdi considers development to be a function of three factors: a decent standard of living, a long and healthy life, and access to knowledge. Geographers divide the world into two developed and seven developing regions. Gross national income (gni) is the value of the output of goods and services produced in a country/year. Purchasing power parity (ppp) is an adjustment made to the gni to account for differences among countries in the cost of goods. Gross domestic product (gdp) also measures the value of the output of goods and services produced in a country/year, but it does not account for money that leaves and enters the country. Primary sector: directly extracting materials from earth through agriculture or through mining, fishing, and forestry. Secondary sector: manufacturing raw materials into products. Tertiary sector: providing goods and services to people in exchange for payment.
