HISTORY 130 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Mecca, Quraysh, Oasis
12 Oct 2018
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HISTORY 130
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Arabic names: How do they work?
● Third: Personal names Ali/Majda
● First: Additional names (parental names when married and have children) Abu/Umm
● Fourth: Offspring name (tells you who their parents are) ibn/bint
● Second: Religious title/honorific
● Fifth: Location name (the person from, usually men)
● Sixth: Clan or tribal name
● Seventh: Nickname
What are the languages, religions and populations of the Byzantine and Sasanian Empire?
○ Byzantine: Christians branched out to Orthodox, Monophysite, Nestorian, Greek,
“Romans,” 5 million people, spoke Latin (elitist), Coptic, Aramaic, Arabic
○ Sasanian: Zoroastrianism, dialects of persian & Aramaic, “Persians,” 8 million
people, Judaism, non-Orthodox Christian, Iranians, Arabs
Language Families
● Afro-Asiatic family
● Semitic
○ Root system, using a root and creating different words from it
● Indo-European family
○ European
○ Iranian
○ Indic
● Altaic family
○ Agglutinative
○ Turkish
○ Mongolian
○ Uzbak
○ Kazakh
The Empires
● Byzantine
● Sassanian
● Ruling classes were different subject classes
○ Ruling classes have one religion
○ Subject classes have many different religions
● Jewish populations were in modern Iraq
○ Jews were at the time persecuted
● Zoroastrians
○ Official Sassanian religion
○ Prophet: Zarathustra (fl. 1500-1200 BCE Iran)
○ Book: Avesta
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○ Dualistic religion (2 gods, good and evil and they both are constantly at war)
physical world is the battleground, Humans must fight with awareness, final
battle: redeemer will come and good with triumph, world ends and bodily
resurrection for all
○ Place of worship: fire temples
○ Rulers: Zoroastrians
○ Ruled: something else
● Manichaeans
○ Prophet: Mani (228-280? CE)
○ Radical dualistic religion
○ All matter is evil product of copulation by demons, to attain something that is not
of this world
○ Augustine of Hippo was Manichaean then turned Christian
● Pagans/Polytheists
○ Worshiped spirits that lived in trees, rocks, wells, streams also the sky, sun,
moon
○ Lived in the Arabian peninsula
Topography
● Countries
○ Turkey
○ Central Anatolia
○ Saudi Arabia
○ Morocco
○ Algeria
○ Yemen
● Water
○ Oxus River
○ Dead Sea
○ Mediterranean Coast
● Deserts
○ West Bank
○ Sinai Peninsula (Egypt)
○ Empty Quarter (Saudi Arabia)
○ The Hijaz (Saudi Arabia, Muhammad’s home)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
First: additional names (parental names when married and have children) abu/umm. Fourth: offspring name (tells you who their parents are) ibn/bint. Fifth: location name (the person from, usually men) Byzantine: christians branched out to orthodox, monophysite, nestorian, greek, Romans, 5 million people, spoke latin (elitist), coptic, aramaic, arabic. Sasanian: zoroastrianism, dialects of persian & aramaic, persians, 8 million people, judaism, non-orthodox christian, iranians, arabs. Root system, using a root and creating different words from it. All matter is evil product of copulation by demons, to attain something that is not of this world. Augustine of hippo was manichaean then turned christian. Worshiped spirits that lived in trees, rocks, wells, streams also the sky, sun, moon. Nomads relied on settled people for various products they couldn"t manufactured on their own. Political relationship between governments and tribes to control the tribes. They roam in patterns: horizontal/plains-style migration (availability of water) ex.
