FSCN 3615 Study Guide - Spring 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Rice, Fasting, Starch
12 Oct 2018
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FSCN 3615
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Food and Religion
● What is the function of religion?
○ To explain the inexplicable
○ Tries to answer: what happens when we die?
○ Provides humans with a sense of control over nature
○ Provides an answer to death
○ Provides a means for socialization
○ Provides a reason to be nice to others
○ For some, it provides a sense of community
○ Some just believe in a greater power
● Religion is culture bound: what does that mean?
○ Throughout time people have believed in Gods, what happens to Gods when people no longer
believe in them?
■ Neanderthals
■ Cro-magnons
■ Egyptians
■ Greeks
■ Romans
■ Vikings/Norses
● Prehistoric times: 33,000 to 20,000 BC; created by Cro-Magnon humans living in Europe
● Ancient Egyptians (31000 BC to 2600 BC)
● Egyptian Gods:
○ Gods and Goddesses were well-toned and slim, youthful; many had animal heads and other human
heads
● Greek Era: 5th century BC
○ Greek Gods of old
○ Gods and Goddesses
● Roman (753 BC-27 BC and 64 AD-1453 AD)
○ Gods and Goddesses
○ Neptune, the God of water and the sea
○ Venus, the Goddess of love
○ Crossover with Greek
● Norse/Viking Gods
○ Loki, thor and Odin
○ Viking Era: 8th to 11th century
Religions
● In the west:
○ Judaism
○ Christianity
○ Islam
● In the east:
○ Hinduism
○ Buddhism
● What do western religions have in common?
○ Monotheistic
○ Abrahamic tradition- origin stories similar
○ Worship a single God and God is male
○ God is to command humans are to obey
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
○ Life is a time for testing and a preparation for life everlasting
○ Humans will be held accountable to God for their actions (provides moral compass)
● What do eastern religions have in common?
○ Developed in India/Nepal
○ Principal goal is deliverance or liberation of the human soul from the bondage of the body
○ Human soul is immortal
○ Emphasis may or may not be on deities
○ In Buddhism, there may or may not be a deity, Buddha is a teacher, not a God
○ In Hinduism, Brahmin is the supreme being but he shows up in various manifestations (Gods)
○ Gods can be male or female
Christianity
● Three dominant branches of christianity:
○ Roman Catholicism
○ Eastern Orthodox Christianity
○ Protestantism
● Basis for the Christian Religion:
○ Founded around the events of Christ, who is believed to be the son of God
○ In 325 AD, Jesus was voted to be the son of God
○ The holy book is the Bible
○ The Christian faith is founded in the Apostles’ and the Nicene Creed (people are saved through
God’s grace and Christ’s life, death, and resurrection saved people)
● For Christians, what are the sacraments?
○ “A sacrament is an outward act derived from something Christ did or said, through which
an individual receives grace of God”
○ 7 sacraments:
■ Baptism (entering the church)
■ Confirmation (the soul receiving the Holy Ghost)
■ Communion (partaking of the sacred presence by sharing bread and wine)
■ Marriage
■ Unction (sick and dying are reassured of salvation)
■ Reconciliation (penance and confession)
■ Ordination of the clergy
● Roman Catholicism
○ In USA, about 57 million Catholics
○ Head of the church is the Pope
○ Roman Catholics came to the US during the colonial period and then with specific groups of
immigrants
○ In 1966, the US Catholic Conference abolished most dietary restrictions
○ Today, Catholics are still required to do what?
■ Abstain from eating meat on the Fridays of Lent in remembrance of the sacrificial death
of Christ
■ Fast and abstain from eating meat on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday
■ No food or drinks one hour before receiving communion
● In the 3rd century, there were 2 centers of christianity
○ Rome, Italy (Catholics) and now Istanbul, Turkey (eastern orthodox church)
○ Interpretations of the Bible were different and in 1054, communication between the two
churches broke down
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Provides humans with a sense of control over nature. Provides a reason to be nice to others. For some, it provides a sense of community. Some just believe in a greater power. Prehistoric times: 33,000 to 20,000 bc; created by cro-magnon humans living in europe. Ancient egyptians (31000 bc to 2600 bc) Gods and goddesses were well-toned and slim, youthful; many had animal heads and other human heads. Roman (753 bc-27 bc and 64 ad-1453 ad) Neptune, the god of water and the sea. Worship a single god and god is male. God is to command humans are to obey. Life is a time for testing and a preparation for life everlasting. Humans will be held accountable to god for their actions (provides moral compass) Principal goal is deliverance or liberation of the human soul from the bondage of the body. Emphasis may or may not be on deities.
