BIOC 107 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Atp Synthase, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Electrochemical Gradient
Document Summary
Molecular transport: molecules and ions are actively transported inside the cell. Biosynthesis: macro-biomolecules are synthesized from simple precursors and the synthesis requires energy. The total energy of a system and its surroundings is constant. The total entropy of a system plus that of its surroundings is constantly increasing. In order for any process/reaction to occur spontaneously the free energy change of the system must be negative. Glycolysis breaks down glucose to produce atp and pyruvate. Glucose must enter the cell through specific transporters. Km - the concentration of substrate at which half of the active sites are filled. It is a measure of enzyme- substrate binding strength: a high (low) km indicates. Vmax - the maximal rate attained when catalytic sites on enzyme are saturated with substrate. Km equals to the substrate concentration at which reaction rate is half of vmax. There are four isoforms of hk: hk i, hk ii, hk iii, and hk iv.
