BIO 121 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Lipid Bilayer, Chemical Polarity, Endoplasmic Reticulum
Document Summary
Carriers (transport other molecules across cell membrane) Carbohydrates: 1:2:1 ratios carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen used as energy can be used to make cell parts. Disaccharides: sucrose, lactose: the formation of sucrose is fructose and glucose. Good source of carbon to synthesize our cell parts. We store carbohydrates as glycogen which is the storage form of glucose. When we want to use the glycogen it gets broken down into glucose. Lipids: fats, oils, waxes, and good source of energy, store lipids as fat/adipose tissue. Unsaturated fatty acids: double bonds in chain. Triglycerides: glycerol backbone, with 3 fatty acid chains. Steroids: cyclic, cholesterol is the backbone of steroid hormones. Phospholipids: complex lipids, nonpolar tails, polar heads (amphipathic) Glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acids chains, and phosphate containing group. Phospholipid bilayer can form, micelle can form in aqueous environments. Describe the structures and give the function(s) (including what occurs in them and on them) of the following:
