BIO 352 Study Guide - Comprehensive Final Exam Guide - Ploidy, Meiosis, Gene
Document Summary
Genetics; branch of biology concerned with the study of genes and their variation. Gene; unit factor of heredity: physical entity in cells that is responsible for the transmission of traits from one generation to another (heredity) Divisions of genetics: transmission genetics, qualitative, quantitative, cytogenetics, molecular/biochemical genetics, population genetics. Insulin, world"s first genetically engineered drug product: applying recombinant dna technology, used gene from human responsible for producing insulin. Using a gene that produces a growth hormone, were able to increase the growth of aquacultural grown salmon. Prokaryotic: bacteria, archaea, carry a single, circular chromosome consisting of essentially naked dna, single dna described as a bacterial chromosome. Eukaryotic: protists, plants, fungi, animals, nucleus. Dna: complex array of acidic and basic proteins into thin fibers. Wherever the chromosome resides in the cytoplasm, referred to as the nucleoid region: 2 or more chromosomes (# varies per organisms) localized within nucleus of the o cell.
