BIOL 190 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Autosome, Neofunctionalization, Pseudogene

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copperwoodchuck239

7 Oct 2016

School

University of San Diego

Department

Biology Courses

Course

BIOL 190

Professor

Leavitt, Dean

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Document Summary

Involvues mutation of entire gene or entire section of genes. How can duplications vary: tandem (in order, displaced (later on in chromosome, reverse (duplicated backwards) May change functionality of protein or may entirely delete protein. Which kind involve the centromere of a chromosome: order of a gene or section of genes is reversed. Location of a gene is changed to a different chromosome. Reciprocal means both chromosomes exchange, nonreciprocal means one chromosome receives only and becomes extra long. What are the two main kinds: monosomy and trisomy. How serious are the relative effects of the four: x0 causes non fertility, xxy is non fertile, rest are fairly average, maybe. A chromosome duplication may cause a gene duplication. Neofunctionalization (new job for gene, novel, useful function) Group of genes that work together to form a structure. Hemoglobin, alpha and beta proteins, also proteins are different for adolescents and adults. Neofunctionalization - new job is created for gene, new function gained.

Related Questions

1. An occurrence of a gene made larger by trinucleotide repeats is:

Allelic expansion

Nucleotide expansion

Translocation mutation

Transformation

2. a chemical that can damage and/or change DNA is called a/an:

Allele

Endonuclease

Vector

Mutagen

3. An occurrence when a section of a chromosome relocates itself to an entirely different (non-homologous) chromosome is called a/an:

Inversion mutation

Translocation mutation

Transformation mutation

Duplication mutation

4. The tandem repeat in the sequence GGGAAGGGAAGGGAAGGGAAGGGAAG is:

GGA

GGGAA

GGAAG

GGAAGGG

A disease characterized by abnormally shaped hemoglobin is called:

Cystic Fibrosis

Sickle Cell Anemia

Marfan Syndrome

Leukemia

5. A point mutation that causes a substitution of a stop codon with an amino acid and leads to the formation of a longer protein is a:

Nonsense mutation

Missense mutation

Sense mutation

Frameshift mutation

6. Addition or deletion of nucleotides in a DNA sequence is known as a:

Nonsense mutation

Missense mutation

Sense mutation

Frameshift mutation

7. The least severe type of chromosomal mutation is:

Point

Frameshift

Inversion

Translocation

8. Chemicals inserting themselves into DNA can cause a:

Missense mutation

Nonsense mutation

Sense mutation

Frameshift mutation

9. A genetic condition caused by allelic expansion is:

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Fragile X syndrome

Alkaptonuria

Galactosemia

10. Which of the following is most likely the original DNA strand if the mutated DNA strand is ATAGUUGATGUA ?

ATAGAAGATGAA

ATAGCCGATGCA

ATAGGGGATGGA

ATAGTTGATGTA

11. An unbalanced chromosomal mutation would include a/an:

duplication (insertion)

inversion

translocation

denaturation

12. Many translocation mutations are found to be involved with:

cancers

sickle cell anemia

Huntington disease

cystic fibrosis

13. A common repeat throughout the human genome that is approximately 300 bases in length is called a/an:

EcoRI repeat

Hind repeat

Exo repeat

Alu repeat

14. A balanced chromosomal mutation includes:

imprintation

denaturation

inversion

deletion

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BIOL 190 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Autosome, Neofunctionalization, Pseudogene

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