PSY 352 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Intellectual Disability, Flynn Effect, Learning Disability
Document Summary
Mental age: the age corresponding to the chronological age of children whose performance they equaled. Intelligence quotient: the ratio of an individual"s mental age to chronological age, multiplied by 100 to avoid decimals (iq) Flynn effect: the finding that iq scores in populations systematically improve over time. Overshadowing: interference with the conditioning of a stimulus because of the simultaneous presence of another stimulus that is easier to condition. Two-group approach: individuals with intellectual disabilities are viewed as falling into two categories that differ in several ways: organic. Individuals show a clear organic cause of mental retardation: more prevalent at moderate, severe, and profound levels of retardation, more often associated with other physical disabilities, cultural-familial. Individual shows no obvious cause of retardation; sometimes another family member is also retarded: more prevalent in mild mental retardation, higher rates within minority groups and low ses groups, few associated physical or medical disabilities.
