NURS 351 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Boxed Warning, Atypical Antipsychotic
Document Summary
Schizophrenia is due to overactive dopaminergic pathways, or excess dopamine levels in the brain. These agents decrease dopamine effects, and are not controlled or subject to abuse. Typical antipsychotics (thorazine) block postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the meso- limbic system and increase dopamine turnover by blockade of the d2 somatodentritic autoreceptor. This d2 blockade is responsible for their adverse extrapyramidal effects (eps) and also their beneficial antiemetic effects and their use in preventing and treating n&v and relief of intractable hiccups. 1. thioridazine (mellaril)- black box warning for prolonged qt intervals with arrhythmias and sudden death. 2. chlorpromazine (thorazine)- also has other uses like hiccups and nausea. Side effects of typical agents: sexual dysfunction, oh, anticholinergic effects, tranquilization, cardiac toxicity, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (nms) treat with dantrium or parlodel. Atypical agents or second generation agents are mixed neuroreceptor antagonists (low affinity dopamine d2 receptor blockade) and high affinity for antagonist effect on serotonin receptors.
