EVSC 2800 Final: Geology Exam Two Study Guide 9
12 May 2016
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Geology exam two study guide: climate change, water and environment, economics and human population growth and health, energy, other issues, natural hazards, agriculture, food, and soils. The largest reservoir of carbon on earth is in sedimentary rocks: limestone and shale. Air trapped in glacial ice can be analyzed for its co2 content, which can yield atmospheric. Co2 content information back to about 800,000 years. Energy-related carbon dioxide emissions- major fuels: petroleum 42, coal 34, natural gas 24% Oil is a fossil fuel that forms from plankton being deposited in sediments of oceans and lakes and then buried deeply in the earth: plankton are microscopic organisms floating in the sea. They are consisting chiefly of diatoms, protozoans, small crustaceans, and the eggs and larval stages of larger animals. Organic matter deposited with sediments can be transformed into fossil fuels during diagenesis. Bacterial and chemical actions >> elevated temperatures >> transforms buried organic matter to petroleum: shale contains ~1% of organic carbon.
