PSYCH 454 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Electric Potential Energy, Axon Hillock, Golgi Apparatus
4 Mar 2018
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Neurons: signal chances in the environment, internal states, action plans etc; 100 billion neurons. Astrocytes: regulate chemical content of extracellular space. Schwann cells/ oligodendrocytes : insulate axons of neurons. More common in thalamus, midbrain and brainstem (10x) and in cerebral cortex (1. 5x) Ependymal cells: line fluid filled ventricles and guide cell migration during brain development. Microglia: remove debris from degenerating neurons and glia. Cell membrane: lipid bilayer (2 fat layers); contains proteins (receptors, channels) Dendrites: receives input from other neurons; part of synapses (post) Axon hillock: site of action potential, nearest to the soma. Cell body (soma): gene expression + transcription (nucleus), protein synthesis (rough er, golgi bodies), protein sorting (smooth er, golgi apparatus), cellular respiration/energy (mitochondria) Electric field : created in space around positive source and negative source. Positive ion moves toward negative source of electric field. Negative ion move toward positive source of electric field.
